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Stefan Says #1 | Q&A on Fasting for Gut Health
Can I add psyllium husks to a fast?
Will fasting help with Eczema?
What to eat before and after a fast during a IBD colitis flareup?
In this Q&A I provide my best guidance to these questions and provide some other useful advice on fasting for gut health.
Today’s questions from Wild Free Organic readers, and my responses, are centered on fasting. They are:
Can I add psyllium husks to a fast?
Will fasting help with Eczema?
What to eat before and after a fast during a IBD colitis flareup?
This is the first Wild Free Organic Q&A, and I wish I had thought to do this sooner as it’s a direct way to provide my best guidance on those questions which are difficult to find answers for, and guaranteed many more people than just these three are asking these questions.
To submit your questions please contact me. With that we’ll begin!
Fasting and Psyllium Husks
Reader Susie writes:
“Thank you for your wonderful article! I am wondering if during a fast can I take psyllium husk. Psyllium doesn't have calories or sugar and it is a prebiotic and helps keep peristalsis of the gut. Also taking coconut oil, and slippery elm during fasting? Maybe an approach is an initial 48hr fast, then introduce the above for longer fasting? Thank you, eager to hear your thoughts.”
Hi Susie, I am glad you have found my writing so useful!
Yes you can take psyllium husk during a fast. You’re right in that it’s a fiber which contains no sugar, acts as a prebiotic for the microbiome, and normalizes the movement of food through the gut (aka improves gut motility). As psyllium husk contains zero calories it won’t break a fast. Sounds like an excellent fasting aid!
An important consideration to make is that anything consumed is a deviation from the alternative of nothing going through the gastrointestinal system. Certain things, like herbal teas, can help during a fast tremendously, providing food to the symbiotic microbiome. As beneficial microbes metabolize flavonoids and other plant phytochemicals, they produce short chain fatty-acids which makes fasting easier by improving energy metabolism, and the body is also provided with abundant antioxidants (1). Drinking herbal teas during a fast like a dandelion and chamomile blend aids symbiotic microorganisms which want to work with you, and selects against harmful pathogenic microorganisms which produce toxins harmful to your body.
Though I have yet to use it during a fast, psyllium husk would have many of those same benefits as herbs as it’s a fermentable carbohydrate rich in phytochemistry. Give it a try and take observations!
According to the Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism, Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubra) bark is a laxative and can be used for the treatment of diarrhea. Slippery elm is useful following gastrointestinal illness. One of its main components is mucilage (2). Mucilage is a gel-like polysaccharide that soothes and protects inflamed mucous membranes like digestive linings. If you have symptoms of leaky gut and feel your digestive mucosal linings are thin, then using slippery bark is worth a try.
As for the coconut oil, that may or may not be useful depending on the health of your liver, gallbladder and overall bile production. I would try psyllium husk and slippery bark independantly during a fast before combining them, as psyllium can slow or stimulate gut motility while slipper elm appears to only increase it.
Certainly you can fast to 48 hours easily without anything, so if you’re aiming for 72 hours or greater, then introducing different herbal components at different types in my experience keeps the fast progressing smoothly.
Does Fasting help Eczema
Reader Lexxa writes:
“Hello I have been battling a spreading eczema for almost a year now. I have spent thousands on doctors visits, creams, medicines etc. I do not want to take steroids anymore and am much more interested in healing my condition naturally and from within. I have a feeling my gut flora is off, as I deal with some mild digestive issues and now this eczema. I practice intermittent fasting in the form of a 16/8 fast, so I think a longer fast will be doable. Is this topic something you can help me on?
Hi Lexxa, I am sorry to hear that you’re been struggling so much with eczema.
Your intuition is correct, poor gut health and inflammatory skin conditions like Eczema are absolutely linked together. It very well could be that your microbiome contains pathogens which are producing endotoxins which have your immune system and detoxification pathways in a tizzy. One way the body can deal with toxins is to push them out through the skin.
Intermittent fasting is useful for healing the digestive system and reducing inflammation, and you may be able to make further inroads on reducing your endotoxin exposure by performing a longer fast. Symbiotic microorganisms survive periods of nutrient deprivation better than pathogens, and during longer 48+ hour fast, memory t-cells retreat into bone marrow, the birthplace of blood, for regeneration (4). By lightening or even reducing the endotoxin load that may be the cause behind your eczema, and by resetting the harmful auto-immunity memory t-cells have developed, you may experience a significant improvement in your eczema after a 48-72 hour fast, or longer if it can be performed safely. What you eat after the fast is very important in further cultivating a healthy microbiome, I recommend nutrient rich plant-based meals. More on that in the next question.
Remember to treat eczema from the outside in too. Aloe vera gel is very soothing and anti-inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory essential oils like peppermint will also help; dilute in a carrier oil as necessary.
Fasting for IBD Colitis
Reader Vera writes:
“I’m having a terrible flare of colitis at the moment and I’m willing to try the 24 or 48 hr fast.. I need to heal, I’m scared.. if I start after my meal tonight what foods do I begin to eat when it’s over? More importantly what food do I NOT eat?”
Hi Vera, unexpected gut health flareups can be a sign that it’s time to perform a fast. The body experiences its most profound regenerative and healing state when fasting. Intestinal bowel disease and inflammation of the colon points towards severe gut dysbiosis, and your intuition is correct that the meal that you eat before and after a fast are of critical importance in determining microbiome composition.
The best foods to eat to break a fast are nutrient and fiber rich. If a fast is longer than 24 hours then foods higher in fat are also preferred. With these recommendations avocado is highly recommended, as are mushrooms which are 50% fiber and 50% protein. Sautéed dark leafy greens are excellent to eat before or to break a fast, and I am also a big fan of brown rice and beans. All together you can see how that would be quite a delicious and nutritious meal!
Most importantly you need to focus on your microbiome and get the inflammation in your colon down immediately. Herbal teas are one of the best ways to accomplish this task in addition to strictly observing a good diet for you.
I hope you found this useful, and if you’re new to fasting then I recommend you read the article Fasting for Beginners.
For more comprehensive support and education on gut health, fasting, and herbal remedies, I recommend you purchase my Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Submit your questions and they may appear in a future Q&A, and I hope to see you there!
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
References:
Cassidy A, Minihane AM. The role of metabolism (And the microbiome) in defining the clinical efficacy of dietary flavonoids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;105(1):10-22.
Malcom Stuart, et al. The Encyclopedia of Herbs and Herbalism. Crescent Books, New York.
Sánchez B, Delgado S, Blanco-Míguez A, Lourenço A, Gueimonde M, Margolles A. Probiotics, gut microbiota, and their influence on host health and disease. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017;61(1):1600240.
Collins N, Han SJ, Enamorado M, et al. The bone marrow protects and optimizes immunological memory during dietary restriction. Cell. 2019;178(5):1088-1101.e15.
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Fasting for Beginners
Fasting is the process of abstaining from all food, and by activating different aspects of human biology, fasting is an incredible healing tool that can be used to reduce inflammation throughout the body, lose weight, heal the gut, reset the microbiome, improve the immune system, and much more. Get started on the first foot with this beginners guide to fasting.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated November 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter! Stefan Burns YouTube
I have done my best to make this a complete guide on fasting for beginners. As part of a 10 year gut health journey to great gut health I have researched extensively into the gastrointestinal system, cellular biology, and human health, and I found through experimentation that fasting was incredibly effective in healing my gut, improving my digestion, and resetting my microbiome to work with me instead of against me. My complete advice on this subject of gut health and fasting is the Holistic Gut Health Guide. For everyone new to discovering fasting and gut health mindfulness, you will get started on the right foot with a foundation of good information with the guide below. Everything that I have written on fasting I have tried, and research fills in the rest in regards to disease states such as obesity and diabetes, the full reference list is at the end.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
If you haven’t discovered already, a lot of what is written on the internet is by robots, so welcome to my authentic human website backed by common sense and forward looking science. Based on the popularity of my Use Fasting to Reset the Digestive System article, I know this is going to help so many of you which is very exciting! Welcome!
Fasting: Abstaining from food or drink
Water fasting is not consuming any food or caloric beverages, and dry fasting is not consuming any liquids. Dry fasting can be done in different ways, and as it removes the vital resource of water, it is not for beginners and won’t be discussed in this article. Everything written below is for water fasting.
Fasting helps with (1):
Digestive upset and gut health problems
Weight-loss and excess body fat
Autoimmune issues and active infections
Metabolic conditions like diabetes
Neurodegenerative problems along with mental fatigue and brain fog
Fasting is able to help with most heath problems because of how it reduces inflammation throughout the body through the activation of autophagy. There are many possible reasons you have heard of fasting and why you may find it of interest, and it’s beyond the scope of this beginners guide to explore every avenue. Instead we will look at how fasting benefits health by examining some of the universal health actions it promotes, discuss the most popular applications for fasting, and cover the important considerations that need to be made with fasting.
This most common reason people find initial interest in fasting is for losing body fat. Since fasting removes all caloric inputs and forces the body to metabolize body fat, fasting is an effective weight loss technique. Cyclical weight loss is typically not healthy, and a better way to consider fasting than as a weight-loss tool is as a metabolism-enhancing tool. A number on a scale is not as important as a healthy metabolism. Typically having a healthy metabolism means you’re at your perfect body fat percentage and weight, as fat loss and having a healthy body composition is causative from metabolism, but misalignment between the two can occur at times and therefore this is an important mindset distinction to make if seeking best long term success.
Fasting for Metabolic Health
Metabolism: The near infinite number of life-sustaining reactions that occur within the body cellularly every second
Having a healthy metabolism means you have all the normal components needed to complete all the metabolic reactions required for optimal health every day. The largest component of metabolism comes down to human thermodynamics, but there are other pieces that are useful, like using herbs which contain compounds that beneficially facilitate and stabilize chemical reactions throughout various parts of the body.
Fasting is so useful for improving metabolic health because it changes genetic expression. Activating the regenerative state of autophagy requires the stimulation of those parts of your DNA that govern the process, and as DNA expression changes so to does cellular protein production. Mitochondrial function improves, and in the first two days of fasting you often experience an energy surge as the body’s energetic burden from digestion has been lifted. As the gut regenerates, future periods of food consumption will yield greater metabolic resources through improved digestion, the result being better metabolism and being in a better fat burning environment. More energy, resources, and healthy connective tissues means more activity and greater NEAT (2).
Fasting for Weight Loss
Approximately 75% of adults aged 20 and over are overweight or obese. The obesity rate for this age group in the USA is 40% (3). For anyone in either of these categories, the most effective way to improve metabolic function. which is the primary object over simply weighing less, is to improve body composition. Shedding body fat and increasing lean body mass (muscle) does this most effectively. Fasting reduces body fat percentage quickly and can be done safely with proper knowledge and experience, and with proper refeeding and exercise afterwards, fasting has no discernable effect on lean body mass in my experience. Lean body mass have even been shown to improve with repeated bouts of a calorie restricted “fasting mimicking” diet (4).
Let’s say you have twenty pounds (10 kg) to lose. An effective way to lose that weight in order to improve metabolic health and overall wellness is to complete a 48 hour fast once a week, with a 2 meal a day intermittent fasting schedule in-between. This is a 5:2 schedule:
Five days 16 hour intermittent fasting with a daily eight hour eating window
Two days of fasting (i.e. a 48 hour fast)
That weight could also be lost rapidly in a few weeks or a months time if a good diet is eaten and an overall caloric deficit is maintained. That weight could also be lost over time though not as quickly with a daily intermittent fasting or one meal a day (OMAD) schedule. The most rapid way to lose weight is to not eat for 3+ days, and many people who are overweight or obese are successful in multiday/seven day/10+ day fasts. More important than losing excess body fat once is keeping it off, and thus I think it better to take shorter more frequent fasts while improving diet quality in-between than it is to do a mega-long fast and then possibly binge afterwards, which is just another form of yo-yo dieting but riskier.
Croatia, 2021. I was swimming a lot and practicing yoga. Diet of rice, beans, tofu, eggs, and abundant fruits and vegetables. Occasional intermittent fasting as guided by intuition and gut health.
How to Activate Brown Fat
There are two main types of fat in the body. White fat is metabolically inactive, and these stores of calories do not activate easily. Brown fat is metabolically active and generates body heat. White fat is long term calorie storage and can accumulate to dangerous levels that increase risk of disease and all-cause mortality (5). Brown fat on the other hand has active energy in-flows and out-flows. Cold therapy activates and increases brown fat, and having a greater brown fat percentage is correlated with improved metabolic health (6), better heat regulation, and less energy volatility.
As the phytochemicals of herbs like flavonoids have metabolism boosting effects, it’s possible that the metabolism of these plant compounds by the liver and/or microbiome also stimulates brown fat creation and usage, most likely due to selective DNA activation.
Fasting also stimulates brown fat simply because it is advantageous. Brown fat can be activated for energy needs faster than white fat, and a healthy metabolism can shift between carbohydrate metabolism to brown fat metabolism to white fat metabolism (if any exist) with few interruptions in-between. As body composition and metabolism improves, the body is better able to manage its energy requirements and white fat is selectively reduced in favor of keeping a tighter budget in brown fat and if physically training, bigger muscles which can store greater amounts of glycogen.
Eating a higher-fat diet in-between fasts composed of unoxidized fats, primarily monounsaturated fats like you receive from olive oil and avocados, will broadly improve fat metabolism and therefore brown fat activation.
Fasting for Diabetes
Diabetes: Dysfunctional glucose processing and utilization which causing excess blood sugar
As fasting improves blood glucose utilization, it can be useful for those with diabetes, but care should be taken to avoid dangerous moments of too high or too low blood sugar. If you have diabetes please consult with a health practitioner knowledgeable in fasting before scheduling any long fasts. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2.
Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune condition where insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the bodies immune system. About 10% of people who have diabetes have Type 1. Often diagnosed in children and young adults.
Type 2 Diabetes: The body doesn’t make enough insulin and/or the body’s cells don’t respond normally to insulin. Type 2 diabetes occurs most often in middle-aged and older people.
Diabetes and its mismanagement once developed has serious consequences, being stressful much of the body, including the heart, kidneys, and nervous system. As fasting helps with autoimmune conditions and also the normalization of pancreatic function and blood glucose levels, fasting can help type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
If performed safely and with many safety fallbacks, like having food always available on hand, fasting can be useful for diabetics to improve their condition and overall health. By clearing the digestive system of food, or at least by spacing the time out between meals more, fasting relieves stress on the pancreas and allows for insulin levels and blood glucose sensitivity to normalize back to optimal. For those with diabetes, intermittent fasting can reduce insulin requirements and aid in weight loss (7).
If you begin to notice increased energy volatility characterized by too low or too high blood sugar levels, fasting is an effective way to reset the functioning of the pancreas. Insulin is the main anabolic hormone of the human body, and it’s only produced by the pancreas, but this only accounts for about 1% of pancreatic functioning. The other duties of the pancreas that make up 99% of its purpose is secreting pancreatic juice and digestive enzymes into the first part of the small intestine known as the duodenum, which neutralizes stomach acid and aids in the breakdown of food and it’s digestion. And its fasting’s digestion improving effect which is really quite amazing.
Not eating to eat better, who would have thought?
Fasting for Gut Health
There are many ways to relieve stress on the digestive system, from adopting a liquid diet to removing intolerant foods from the diet via an elimination diet. There is no question though that the simplest and most effective way to reduce digestive stress and inflammation is to simply not eat. The epithelial layer of the digestive system regenerates about 20% per day, and this rate is increased even further when the regular stress of digesting food is alleviated via fasting.
That’s right, it is stressful to eat! Eating and digesting requires the production and secretion of many different chemicals from a bunch of organs like the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The immune system has to be active to ensure nothing unwanted penetrates through the gut-blood barrier into the blood stream. Digestion requires energy, which is why eating a big meal often induces sleepiness, but the reason we do it is because if we eat nutritious foods we get more out of digestion than we put into it. Fundamentally that’s how life exists.
For some people this isn’t the case though, either because their diet is such a poor nutrient quality that the body puts more into digestion than it receives out of it, or the body does its best to digest food but other issues are causing malabsorption of nutrients, like diarrhea, damaged/destroyed villi, or poorly functional glands which fail to release adequate enzymes and biles vital to proper digestion. An “easy” fix for these problems is to fast.
Evolutionarily it’s in our physiology to fast, it’s another “default mode network” the body that has developed over millions of years of evolution. In fact the body wants you to fast every now and then, it’s the most efficient way to active autophagy, the cellular process that repairs and regenerates the tissues of the body. Fasting also changes the composition of the microbiome quickly, an important aspect of proper thorough food digestion. If you fast off a meal for a day or two, your microbiome will be better at digesting those particular foods than they were when you first ate them.
The most obvious effect that fasting has though is that it reduces inflammation in the gut.
Fasting for Gut Inflammation
The role of the digestive system is to take food, which is made up of animal, plant, or fungal cells which contain complex macronutrients like starches, long-chain fatty acids, and protein chains, and break everything down into the smallest most usable and absorbable compounds. Food is often first broken down and made easier to digest through cooking, and chewing mechanically breaks food down into smaller components. From there stomach acid and digestive enzymes erode and break apart the molecular bonds of food, transporters are utilized to facilitate certain chemical reactions, and as you can imagine the digestive system becomes a very busy environment chemically. Within the chaos of digestion there is an order, but there is no avoiding the inflammation created from the digestive process.
When you are in good health, the inflammation created during digestion is easily mitigated and is no cause for concern, but if a health imbalance exists, then gut-based inflammation can tip the body over into a state of over-stress, which isn’t good over the long term. You may be interesting in fasting as a way to heal the gastrointestinal system and reduce gut inflammation, and fasting is very effective in achieving these objectives. All of chapter 8 of the Holistic Gut Health Guide is how fasting is useful for gut health.
Fasting is one of the best ways to repair the gut because the absence of food activates widespread autophagy.
Autophagy: Body’s cellular recycling system that processes the reusing of old and damaged cell parts
The necessary inflammation of the gut causes the cells of the digestive system to experience rapid turnover, with intestinal digestive linings experiencing about a 20% daily turnover rate. By strongly activating autophagy, fasting increases the digestive systems regenerative systems and cellular resources are better recycled and reused, which places less of a resource drain on metabolism.
It takes time for food to transit through the digestive system, and food spreads out in the digestive system after eating, so the longer the fast and the more time is allowed for food to completely clear out and pass, the more effective the anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of fasting.
Drinking zero-calorie herbal teas aid greatly in the inflammation-reducing and gut healing fasting process. Well-known and safe herbs like chamomile and dandelion contain abundant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial flavonoids and other phytochemicals, and drinking a 1:1 ratio chamomile flower and dandelion root tea throughout a fast and on normal eating days improves digestion, quells excess gut inflammation, and helps shift the microbiome towards symbiosis and away from destructive pathogenesis. Endotoxin-producing pathogens can be a large potential source of gut inflammation, and fasting helps to limit their presence in the digestive system.
Fasting for Microbiome Reset
The microorganisms that live in the human digestive system have a very short life-cycle and cannot survive nutrient deprivation as long you can. By removing food from the system, fasting influences the composition of the microbiome.
Most of the microbiome lives in the large intestine, which food begins to reach at about 6+ hours of digestion. Food is then further digested by the microbiome and body in the large intestine for 24-36 hours typically. To change the composition and diversity of the microbiome in a substantial way with fasting, a complete emptying of the large intestine and a subsequent zero-digestion period are required, which necessitates a longer 48+ hour fast.
Still it’s been found that short fasts, like the 16 to 20 hour fasts common to intermittent fasting can also favorably shift the microbiome over time (8), especially when paired with favorable dietary changes like the consumption of more fiber. Intermittent fasting also helps the body achieve better circadian rhythm through modification of the gut microbiome (9).
There are two main strategies for improving the gut microbiome, and the first is to diversify the microbiome with more symbiotic microbes and to support their growth, and the second is to select against and reduce pathogenic microbe populations. Most effective is to pair both strategies together, and if this is done then it’s possible to shift the microbiome towards greater symbiosis in a significant way quite quickly, and fasting does this effectively especially when paired with certain herbal remedies which you can learn more about with the article on the other side of this button.
Fasting for Parasite Removal
Fasting is an effective way to reduce and eliminate parasites from the gastrointestinal system as it removes their primary food source which is what you eat, while instead you draw from your fat reserves. If parasites are a serious problem, only a very long fast 7+ day fast will completely eliminate them, so fasting is best paired with a parasite removal protocol.
This can be accomplished in a number of ways. You can fast for a period of time, say 2 days, and then in-between each fast you run an herbal parasite cleanse. If you’re overall healthy and wanting to make a faster more dramatic change, then you can fast and take the anti-parasite herbs at the same time. For both options, I recommend drinking herbal tea throughout the fasting and feeding periods as it will help regenerate the gut, favorably improve the microbiome, improve energy metabolism, and beneficially activate the immune system. A perfect tea for this would be a 1:1:1 ratio blend of chamomile flowers, dandelion root, and peppermint leaves.
The stronger anti-parasite herbs are oregano (specifically oregano oil), clove, black walnut hull, and wormwood. A good premixed supplement I used before which worked great was SCRAM, and I followed those dosing instructions while also taking oregano oil twice a day. To learn more about parasites and parasite removal, you can read my following article.
Fasting for Immune Health
Beyond weight loss and gut health, fasting has been shown to have powerful effects on the immune system. The majority of immune system activity is centered around the gut, as vigilant defense against pathogens and unwanted compounds from entering into the blood stream is needed. When the immune defense requirements of the gastrointestinal system decrease due to less food transiting through (which also means less microbial growth at that moment), the immune system is able to regenerate, recharge, and reset its functions.
Case reports abound from medically supervised fasting clinics of people who have seen complete remission of an autoimmune disease by undergoing long multi-day water fasts (10), usually exceeding two weeks in length. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking parts of the body, and this destructive cellular behavior has the potential to be eliminated and the immune system reset towards normal function through fasting.
Severe calorie restriction (50% and greater) and fasting changes immune function by altering the distribution of immune cells throughout the body, with memory T-cells for example accumulating in bone marrow as a protective mechanism (11). The adaptive immune system enhances survival in the face of infection because it allows the host to rapidly respond to and control infections as they arise. Immunological memory enhances this protective ability especially if new infections are the same or similar in nature to infections previously experienced.
Fasting in effect regenerates the immune system to a more youthful state that is better at fighting pathogens and cancer and less likely to turn on healthy cells of the body.
One reason appetite typically decreases during a cold, flu, or covid is because of the immune-boosting effect that calorie restriction and fasting has. By activating autophagy, the body is better able to fight infections and repair the cellular damage caused by them.
Fasts of different lengths have different effects on the immune system, so if you are interested in fasting to improve immune health, I recommend starting with intermittent fasting, and then trying OMAD, and then trying a 2-3 day fast, making careful self-observations during each fast of how you feel and how your symptoms improve (if you have any).
If you have a serious autoimmune condition and want to try a longer water fast to help with the condition, contact a fasting clinic near you and consult with your health practitioner.
The Simplest Types of Fasting
Intermittent Fasting
Intermittent fasting is the most popular type of fasting, typically scheduled as sixteen hours of fasting followed by an open eight hour feeding window (16:8). This ratio of fasting to feeding can be shortened to and 12:12 ratio or lengthened to a 20:4 ratio, with the longer intermittent fasts taking the body deeper into autophagy.
It’s easier to maintain caloric balance or even a caloric surplus with intermittent fasting than it is with multi-day fasts. Intermittent fasting is useful for athletes who want to improve their insulin sensitivity, hormone profiles, and improve their digestion, all while still increasing in strength, stamina, and possibly lean body mass.
Intermittent fasting is the easiest form for fasting to do for the average person, and overtime it can dramatically transform one’s health.
Intermittent fasting is most effective done consistently day after day, and the daily increase in autophagy intermittent fasting stimulates as compared to a normal 3-4 meals & snacks a day eating schedule is helpful for healing the gut, reducing inflammation throughout the body, and improving energy metabolism.
OMAD Fasting (One Meal a Day)
Fasting for twenty-four hours is also known as one meal a day or OMAD fasting. The most common type of OMAD fasting is eating dinner every night, though it’s not uncommon to do breakfast or lunch OMAD. OMAD is similar to intermittent fasting in that food is still eaten every day, and OMAD is typically done consecutively or for a certain number of days per week.
Since OMAD takes the body deeper into a fasted state of autophagy across twenty-four hours than intermittent fasting, it’s a good way to begin experimenting with longer fasts and to examine one’s relationship with eating behaviors. Physiological hunger is quite different than a psychological food craving, and if struggling to make healthy dietary choices, consistent OMAD fasting is a great way to reset psychological eating behaviors and patterns.
The gut-brain axis is beneficially altered with OMAD and each fast will have you become better at identifying when you’re truly physically hungry or when you simply have a psychological food craving.
48 Hour Fasting
Fasting for longer than 24 hours reduces the body’s glucose sugars stored in muscle cells and the liver, and around the 48 hour mark is usually when all the stored glucose is depleted in the body which forces the body to shift into ketosis.
Ketosis: Metabolic process that converts fatty acids into energy molecules known as ketones.
The brain runs exclusively on simple sugars, or if those are not available, ketones. When carbohydrates are in short supply, either from fasting or from eating a high-fat ketogenic diet, the body begins producing ketones to keep all the metabolic systems running smoothly. Some people with neurodegenerative diseases see a massive reduction in symptoms and their disease state when their brain runs on ketones instead of simple sugars.
Just as fasting is another default mode network for the body, switching from sugar metabolism to ketone metabolism is another metabolic state change that can be used to improve health and diagnose health issues. A 48-hour fast is useful because it takes the body deep into autophagy, deeper than most people have ever gone in their lives except maybe during a bad illness like the flu (hint hint a protective mechanism from widespread viral inflammation and damage). Forty eight hours of fasting really provides the digestive system time to rest and regenerate by greatly reducing stress and takes the body to the edge of or into ketosis.
A 48-hour fast is short enough to be easily completed by most people without serious health issues as long as they have the willpower. a 2 day fast doesn’t require too much planning, and it’s also long enough to bring about noticeable differences in digestion, energy, and weight. Undergoing a 48 hour fast allows for valuable health observations to be made on digestion, metabolism, mental health, and more.
3 Day Fasting
A longer 72-hour fast will take the body fully into ketosis and the autophagy healing effects are even stronger than they are for shorter fasts. It’s recommended to break a 72 hour fast with a small fat-heavy meal, like a mixed green salad with avocado, as this reduces the shock of reintroducing food to the digestive system while also keeping fat metabolism high and ketosis activated. If a fast that has induced ketosis is broken this way, you have a choice with subsequent meals to stay in ketosis or revert back to carbohydrate metabolism.
Your experience may vary, but I have found through personal experience that I don’t need to concern myself greatly with electrolytes during a 48 hour fast, but that electrolytes becomes more important with a 72 hour fast.
Fasting and Electrolytes
Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonates are required for the basic functions of life like transmitting nerve signals and keeping cells electrically neutral. We derive electrolytes from our our food and drinks, and high or low electrolyte imbalances are health disruptive and can be life-threatening (12).
By removing all food from the metabolic equation, fasting changes electrolyte inflows, outflows, and overall ion balances in the body. For intermittent or OMAD fasting, there is generally little need to concern oneself with electrolytes as food containing electrolytes is still consumed daily. Making sure you acquire sufficient electrolytes and in the right ratios is important during longer fast.
I have fasted many times for 48 hours without taking any electrolytes with zero problems, so “wiggle room” exists. Your experience may vary, and it is better to do the following if fasting for greater than 24 hours:
Add a pinch of sea salt to the water you drink. Sea salt contains an abundant assortment of salts and ions, like potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg), whereas land-derived table salt contains just sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions.
Drinking herbal teas throughout a fast will provide the body a natural and varied assortment of electrolytes. Dandelion root is especially good for this as it contains abundant micronutrients (13)
Pre-made electrolyte fasting mixes exist, often called snake juice, and can be useful if used properly, but I urge caution in using them because they are often dosed incorrectly which results in symptoms like cramps and sudden diarrhea (as you’ll hear from the “never trust a fart” fasting crowd). Gross but worth knowing if you’re going to try fasting so you can avoid that embarrassing situation.
Breaking a Fast (refeeding)
I’ll conclude this fasting for beginners guide with how to break a fast, otherwise known as the refeed.
Fasting is amazing and incredibly healing if done safely and intelligently, and at some point every fast must come to an end. When it becomes more healthy to eat than to continue fasting is the hard limit.
The meals you eat before and after a fast have a dramatic effect on the ease and quality of the fast undertaken. For example, fasting off of a highly processed cheeseburger will be a much lesser experience with greater food cravings, energy volatility, and reduced cellular regeneration, than fasting off a meal consisting of vegetables, pulses (beans, lentils, etc), and a whole grain like rice. Fasting off of cake would be even worse! As it takes about 8-12 hours for food to reach the large intestine, and food can remain there for processing by the body and microbiome for 36-72 hours, the content and quality of the food eaten before a fast has a big impact on how easy a fast is.
A healthy microbiome is able to metabolize indigestible fiber and phytochemicals like flavonoids into short-chain fatty acids and beneficial secondary metabolites respectively. Fasts up to 72 hours in length does not eliminate all resource acquisition from the digestive system, it just encourages complete and thorough digestion of the remaining food while simultaneously shifting towards greater and greater activation of body fat for pure energetic needs.
A meal high in fiber and beneficial plant phytochemicals will beneficially remodel the microbiome towards symbiosis throughout the course of the fast, and then refeeding after the fast further effects the course of development of the microbiome. The final meal before a fast should consist of organic whole foods with an emphasis on vegetables, and the meal breaking a fast should consist of much the same.
For example with a 48 hour fast following this advice ensures that energy levels remain relatively stable during the fast, electrolytes are not in short supply, the microbiome shifts favorably towards greater symbiosis, and that food cravings are avoided.
This may be TMI, but I’ve personally experienced during 48 to 72 hour fasts that the last meal I eat is able to be processed down and absorbed to almost nothing if you have a healthy microbiome and the meal eaten was of a high quality. What this means is that instead of a having a bowel movement of normal volume from that meal, you may experience a much smaller bowel movement, or it’s possible that it doesn’t occur at all because your digestive system work together over the course of 2-3 days to absorb everything. Yes this is possible and really reshapes your understanding of how much food you really need to eat daily, and how many nutrients are wasted everyday, via the typical diet an eating schedule.
Get Fasting
Life has evolved to be adaptable to periods of nutrient scarcity, and fasting is not only useful but necessary from time to time. Optimal heath and longevity requires there to be a balance between anabolism (growth) and catabolism (repair). Over consumption of processed foods in addition to deleterious modern lifestyle factors has led to many of the health problems of the present day.
Fasting is an elegant solution to many of the health problems common today and it’s as old as time. Fasting allows you to experience a greater range of what’s possible biologically: from digestion efficiency improvements, to better metabolism, an enhanced immune system, and improved cognitive function.
Developing an intuition around knowing when to feed and when to fast is an important part of the heath journey and will help you to achieve your best wellness. I hope you find fasting as useful as I have, it has helped me tremendously in improving my gut health, once was my biggest health concern but now I navigate it with ease, and anytime I have the rare gut heath flareup the first thing I do is to begin fasting, whether its just an intermittent fast or I discover a 48 hour fast is needed or a longer period of OMAD fasting is beneficial. Once you have completed a few fasts for each of the primary methods 16 to 72 hours in length, fasting becomes a reliable tool you can use at any time to improve your health so long as it serves you and can be done safely.
I have written a lot more on fasting on this website, you can view the other articles here, or read chapter 8 of the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
References:
Mattson MP, Longo VD, Harvie M. Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes. Ageing Research Reviews. 2017;39:46-58.
Levine JA. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (Neat). Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2002;16(4):679-702.
Fryar CD, Carroll MD, Afful J. Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and severe obesity among adults aged 20 and over: United States, 1960–1962 through 2017–2018. NCHS Health E-Stats. 2020.
Longo VD, Panda S. Fasting, circadian rhythms, and time-restricted feeding in healthy lifespan. Cell Metabolism. 2016;23(6):1048-1059.
Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, Graubard BI. Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;309(1):71.
Herz CT, Kulterer OC, Prager M, et al. Active brown adipose tissue is associated with a healthier metabolic phenotype in obesity. Diabetes. 2022;71(1):93-103.
Grajower MM, Horne BD. Clinical management of intermittent fasting in patients with diabetes mellitus. Nutrients. 2019;11(4):873.
Larrick JW, Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Beneficial gut microbiome remodeled during intermittent fasting in humans. Rejuvenation Research. 2021;24(3):234-237.
Daas MC, de Roos NM. Intermittent fasting contributes to aligned circadian rhythms through interactions with the gut microbiome. Beneficial Microbes. 2021;12(2):147-161.
Fuhrman, Joel, Barbara Sarter, and David J. Calabro. Brief case reports of medically supervised, water-only fasting associated with remission of autoimmune disease. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 8.4 (2002): 112-112.
Collins N, Han SJ, Enamorado M, et al. The bone marrow protects and optimizes immunological memory during dietary restriction. Cell. 2019;178(5):1088-1101.e15.
Shrimanker I, Bhattarai S. Electrolytes. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2022.
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How to Restore Healthy Microbiome
The gut microbiome and gut-brain axis have a tremendous influence over your physical, mental, and emotional health. Learn how to support symbiotic gut microbes and limit pathogenic gut microbes holistically with natural methods like lifestyle and dietary changes, fasting, and herbalism.
and how to get rid of bad bacteria in the gut
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated October 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
As our understanding of the gut microbiome and gut-brain axis increases, more and more people are asking the smart question of how they can improve their gut microbiome to upgrade and optimize their physical, mental, and emotional health.
At first it may seem bizarre that small microorganisms can influence foundational aspects of our being like our metabolism, memory, focus, and how we feel emotionally, but with a greater understanding of the microbiome and gut-brain axis it becomes clear quite quickly why cultivating a healthy gut microbiome is so important for not only gut health but for overall health and wellness.
There are two main strategies for improving the gut microbiome, and the first is to diversify the microbiome with more symbiotic microbes and to support their growth, and the second is to select against and reduce pathogenic microbe populations. When both strategies are paired together it’s possible to shift the microbiome towards greater symbiosis in a significant way quite quickly.
To educate you on how to restore healthy gut flora populations, in this article we’ll cover the following topics:
The microbiome and gut-brain axis
What is gut dysbiosis and why you should improve your gut microbiome
How to increase good bacteria in the gut naturally
How to starve out bad bacteria
Are you ready to heal you gut?
Read to the end to receive a special 10% discount on the Holistic Gut Health Guide, the all-in-one eBook to help you overcome your gut health and microbiome problems once and for all!
The Microbiome and the Gut-Brain Axis
The gut is collectively the largest overall organ, immune organ, and endocrine organ of the human body. Its functions are varied and complex enough that it has its own nervous system known as the enteric nervous system, often described as a “second brain” because the enteric nervous system functions relatively independently of the brain. An example of the independence of the gut, microbiome, and enteric nervous system is how it maintains itself and its functions even in those stuck in a vegetative state.
If we examine the gut from a numbers standpoint, it would best be considered a “microbial organ” because 90-95% of its total cell number are from microorganisms. Important for our understanding of the gut-brain axis is the concept that humans are a “superorganism” in which more than 90% of the total genes and cell numbers of the superorganism are microbial and not human in nature.
We’re more bacteria than human in some regards…
Humans have co-evolved with microorganisms for millions of years, and a healthy microbiome is vital to the optimal development and wellness of Homo sapiens, individually and as a species. Until just recently in our time spent on Earth, humans and the microbiome co-evolved under the conditions of a hunter-gatherer, or still very natural Neolithic villager lifestyle. As hunter-gathers humans were exposed to a wide range of natural environments. Every environment like the ocean or the jungle has a unique microbiome, and by spending time in these different environments, humans inoculated themselves with a wide range of microorganisms, thereby supporting diverse microbiome populations in their guts.
With the recent modernization of human society, dramatic changes to the individual and collective human microbiome have occurred, and exposure to the beneficial microorganisms of the world’s different natural environments has greatly reduced for most people. These alterations in the human gut microbiome are well correlated with the changes in disease patterns in modern society.
Whereas the human gut microbiome used to contain many more symbiotic microorganisms, now the average human gut microbiome contains less symbionts and more pathogens and commensal microbes.
Symbiotic: Symbiotic microorganisms like lactobacillus and bifidobacteria work with you to process food like fiber that you can’t digest into beneficial compounds like short-chain fatty acids and neurotransmitters that you use biologically throughout the body. Inside the gut symbiotic microorganisms interact with the digestive system to keep integrity of digestive barriers high, the immune system strong, the hormone (endocrine) system functioning properly, the activity of the nervous system stable and coherent, and brain functionality at optimal. As you can see, the microbiome touches nearly every aspect of human health.
Pathogenic: Pathogenic microorganisms like C. difficile, salmonella, E. coli, and E. faecalis can inhabit the gut in small or large percentages depending on one’s state of health, and their presence is problematic because pathogens don’t work with you the host, instead they seek to exploit you for their every advantage. If pathogens are able to expand in population unchecked they cause health problems that can range from mild like fever, diarrhea, and pain to severe like chronic disease, cancer, mental health problems, and organ failure.
Commensal: Commensal microbes are typically the most numerous in number, they’re helpful but not to the same degree as symbiotic microbes, and commensal microorganisms will shift to become more symbiotic or pathogenic in nature over time depending on the evolutionary conditions they experience.
What Purpose does the Microbiome Serve?
You can imagine how the human digestive system is a cozy place for microorganisms to live because it’s warm, protected from dangerous ultraviolet radiation from the sun and other hazards, and there is usually a constant influx of food. In exchange for these comfy conditions, a healthy microbiome beneficially influences the development and functioning of you, the host, by working with the cells of the digestive system to better digest food, by influencing and supporting immune and endocrine functions, and by producing valuable neurotransmitters that your nervous system and brain needs. Normal aspects of psychology, such as cognition, emotion, pain perception, social behavior, stress response, and a person’s character are all influenced by the microbiome of the gut.
Gastrointestinal disturbances affect the gut microbiome, and gut microbiome disturbances affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal system, and disturbances to either can be caused by many different factors, including an unhealthy diet, lifestyle and stress, excessive use of medications and antibiotics, mental illness, environmental toxins, and more. Gut dysbiosis can lead to the eventual development of neurocognitive disorders like mood disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism spectrum disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
The reason why humans and microorganisms evolutionarily formed a symbiotic relationship is thought to be primarily for metabolic reasons. The metabolic actions of the microbiome provides additional energy from food that otherwise wouldn’t be extractable, which is highly advantageous from an evolutionary standpoint, and because the composition of microorganisms of the gut microbiome can rapidly adapt to dietary changes, it provided humans an ability to adapt to new environments and novel foods faster, increasing the evolutionary fitness of our ancestors. Additionally, it’s thought that microbiome-brain interactions were a critically important factor that guided the evolution of the human brain and the development of the social brain. It’s our evolutionary history that explains why the gut-brain axis is such an important and powerful system in the body.
To boil it down our gut microbiome makes us more efficiently metabolically, confers upon us brain-development and cognitive benefits, and gives us greater survivability in a diverse range of environments. With this known, who wouldn’t want the best gut microbiome possible?
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Why you Should Improve your Gut Microbiome
The are three main reasons why everyone should strive to cultivate the healthiest microbiome possible:
Improved digestion
Better metabolism
Increased consciousness
It’s impossible to have a good metabolism if digestion is inefficient. Metabolism can be defined as the uncountable amount of life-sustaining reactions that occurs every second in our body. By providing a lot of the chemicals required for metabolism, and by facilitating some of those reactions themselves, a healthy gut microbiome is essential for having the best metabolism possible; a metabolism that keeps you lean, healthy, and mentally sharp.
The general flow is Digestion ➞ Metabolism ➞ Cognition
And this cycle repeats around because you (hopefully) consciously choose what to eat! Because the microbiome affects digestion and the gut-brain axis, factors perturbing the gut microbiome affect the brain and mind simultaneously. This is important to know because if gut dysbiosis is experienced, then by result mental health problems have a much greater likelihood of developing.
If you’re reading this you either have a preventative interest in improving your microbiome, or you have some level of gut dysbiosis and are looking for ways to treat your condition. In the next chapter we begin our discussion on how to increase symbiotic microbes in the gut, but first what exactly is dysbiosis?
Gut Dysbiosis
Dysbiosis Definition: Dysbiosis is an unhealthy microbiome imbalance that results from unfavorable changes in the diversity, metabolic activities, and distribution of the gut microbiota
As we mentioned earlier, the diversity of the human microbiome has decreased dramatically with the widespread lifestyle changes that have occurred as people have moved from rural communities to large cities and also from the advent and overuse of antibiotics, pesticides, and antimicrobial cleaning products.
While most people don’t consider themselves to have dysbiosis, the reality of the situation is that unless you take great care to cultivate a healthy and diverse microbiome, then you share in the larger gut dysbiosis that human society is experiencing currently. Then on top of that if you are particularly unhealthy for whatever reason, be it diet, lifestyle, disease, or drug related, then your gut dysbiosis will be even worse.
Gut Dysbiosis Symptoms
Because the microbiome interacts with so many different systems throughout the body, there are a wide range of symptoms that result from gut dysbiosis. The most common symptoms are:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - gas, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain
Candida (yeast infection)
Food allergies, intolerances, and sensitivities
Nutritional deficiencies
Fatigue
Headaches, brain fog, poor memory
Mental health problems like anxiety, depression, insomnia
Skin issues like rashes, acne, eczema, psoriasis
Auto-immune disorders, allergies
Asthma
Gut Dysbiosis Treatment
There are many ways to treat gut dysbiosis and a pathogenic microbiome, some being safer and more effective than others. Unfortunately many common treatment methods like antibiotics are prescribed by those with an dangerously limited understanding of how the microbiome works, and while symptoms of dysbiosis may improve temporarily as the microbiome dies off from the antibiotics, the dysbiosis gets worse once the course of antibiotics is finished and pathogens expand outwards.
To treat gut dysbiosis that isn’t immediately life-threatening, one must look back to the factors that caused society’s larger gut dysbiosis to develop, and to then seek to integrate into one’s lifestyle the beneficial gut microbiome practices that our ancient hunter-gatherer and Neolithic ancestors followed, which were:
Interacting with a large variety of environments, getting “dirty” in the process
Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and fiber, all free of chemical contamination
Living a relatively stress-free and active lifestyle
Experiencing occasional periods of nutrient deprivation (aka fasting)
Utilization of the healing medicinal herbs that exist
What is the Fastest Way to Heal the Gut Microbiome?
To heal the gut microbiome we have our two strategies of promoting microbial diversity and the growth of symbiotic microbes while also selecting against pathogenic microbes. If you integrate into your life the lifestyle and dietary factors above, both goals can be accomplished simultaneously. Fasting and utilizing antimicrobial herbs are particularly useful in treating dysbiosis because not only do they support the growth of helpful symbionts but they in the same stroke make life much more difficult for pathogens. We’ll get into the specific reasons why that is in the next two sections.
The most effective strategy to heal the gut microbiome will be one that combines multiple strategies together holistically in a way that is safe and sustainable to maintain. The gut microbiome cannot be healed in one day, it will take at least a week to begin seeing progress and months to see significant progress, and in reality their is no final end destination as the microbiome is always changing and in flux. For these reasons, in order to make serious and lasting improvements in the microbiome, the recommendations given below must be incorporated into one’s lifestyle and diet naturally and without fuss (indeed they should be happily welcomed!) and become permanent life changes.
How to Increase Good Bacteria in the Gut Naturally
To increase the populations of good bacteria in the gut naturally it’s first required to expose yourself to these different symbiotic microbes in order to diversify the gut microbiome, and then it’s necessary to support their growth. Most people turn to probiotics in order to increase their microbial diversity, and this works because it’s easy to take probiotics, they’re widely available, and different multi-strain formations exist. A much more natural method for increasing microbial diversity is to place yourself in a variety of different environments. Eating fiber and fermented foods also increase good bacteria in the gut naturally. We’ll cover all the main strategies for increasing helpful microbial diversity and then discuss how to support the population growth of symbionts in the microbiome.
Expose Yourself to Different Natural Environments
Microbiomes exist everywhere, not just in the gut. Your skin has a microbiome, your bed has a microbiome, and every toilet has a microbiome. Some microbiomes are beneficial to exposure yourself to because they are full of useful microbes, whereas others like the toilet microbiome are best avoided (yuk!).
Microbes float through the air, live in the water we drink, and exist in the soil. These natural microbiomes, the ones that we interact with to varying degrees just by existing have proven themselves to be on the whole incredibly safe over millions and millions of years, and it’s exposure to the air, water, and soil microbiomes of nature that are the most beneficial for developing good gut health and a strong, diverse, and resilient microbiome. Perform the following activities to not only improve your health and fitness but also to exposure yourself to the diverse microbiomes of nature!
Hiking: Hiking through nature is an excellent wellness activity not only for the physical, mental, and emotional benefits, but also for the microbiome benefits. The fresh oxygen-rich air of a forest has special healing properties and this forest air will lightly expose you to different microorganisms. The density of microbes in the air is very low, but they do exist, and with a long hike with plenty of deep breathing the effect is not insignificant.
You can increase your exposure to the natural microbiome of the environment you’re walking/hiking through by interacting respectfully with the environment. Run your fingers through the moss, splash your face with water from the stream, forage on edible herbs that you may find like miners lettuce or mint. Some of these tips require common sense and some skills, for example don’t drink the stream water or splash it directly into your eyes, and don’t eat plants if you’re not a herbalist and haven’t 100% positively identified them as being safe, but if you have the sense and skills necessary to engage in these practices then it’s a powerful way to increase the diversity of your gut microbiome.
Swimming: Swimming in natural and clean bodies of water is another way to increase microbiome diversity as the full body gets immersed in the microbiome of the water. Swimming in the ocean is fantastic as the salt water naturally keeps a lot of harmful microorganisms low in concentration, and if you swallow some water every now and then accidentally after let’s say being hit by a large wave, that’s not necessarily a bad thing (but don’t go out of your way to do this). The key is natural exposure to the microbiome of the environment, what happens happens! Your gut microbiome is already a highly competitive place with limited space and access to resources, and whatever microbes that come in from the environment, your food, or probiotics will have to compete and carve out space and resources for themselves in order to survive and flourish in your gut whether they are symbionts, pathogens, or commensal microorganisms.
Gardening: Digging your hands into the soil, growing plants, and harvesting the food that results is one of the absolute best ways for the average person to increase the diversity of their gut microbiome. Gardening isn’t limited to just those who live in rural places, if you' live in the city you can likely find a community garden and establish a garden there, or you can garden at home outside on a small plot or inside using pots.
Gardening is the easiest and most fruitful way to expose yourself to the rich and highly diverse microbiome of the soil. Just as with us and our microbiomes, the soil microbiome is of key importance in the health and growth of plants and fungi. Soil microorganisms are the foundational biologic and chemical communication layer that life depends on, and digging around in good soil with your bare hands is a very effective way to improve the diversity of your microbiome over time. I can personally attest to this as gardening over the summer of 2021 noticeably improved my gut health, and anytime I have the opportunity to garden consistently my gut health seems to be more resilient.
Gardening also improves gut health and the microbiome through the cultivation of food. If growing fruits and vegetables without the use of any fertilizers or pesticides (highly recommended), then you can pick food directly off the plant and eat it. Every piece of produce has its own little microbiome, and eating food this way overtime is incredibly effective at diversifying and improving your own microbiome.
Probiotics for Gut Health
Certain species of bacteria have been studied scientifically for their effects on gut health, and as the biologic benefits of more of these strains have been quantified more varied probiotic supplements have hit the market. In some ways choosing the right probiotic can now be overwhelming as there are so many choices available! While probiotics are certainly useful in restoring populations of healthy microbes in the gut, I think it’s best to keep probiotic supplementation simple and consistent and instead spend more time in healthy natural spaces like our paleolithic and Neolithic ancestors did rather than fuss over which probiotics are best for you. It’s the fact that we’ve strayed away from lifestyle’s like theirs, not a lack of probiotics, that has led to the now “normal” gut dysbiosis that most people have.
Probiotics are definitely helpful though, and one reason why probiotics are useful for gut dysbiosis and gut health problems is that some of the microorganisms contained in the probiotic will form biofilms and colonize the mucosal layer of the digestive barrier, these biofilms persisting for a week or longer. If probiotics are taken daily then many probiotic biofilms colonize the gut and permanently change the diversity and composition of the microbiome. It’s like the colonization of North America by the British, French, and Spanish. One ship wasn’t enough to establish permanent colonies, but repeated ships of colonists and time turned out to be successful.
Biofilms are structures that certain microorganisms create that provide them shelter and help them adhere to surfaces, and they are arguably the most successful form of life on Earth, existing in nearly every environment. In the gut environment, both pathogenic and symbiotic microorganisms produce biofilm structures made of mostly polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids and then adhere them to the intestinal mucosa where they can persist for a long period of time.
Used consistently probiotics have been shown to improve functional brain responses in healthy people, reducing psychological distress and anxiety conditions. Probiotics containing strains of lactobacillus and bifidobacteria appear to be the most effective, and these probiotic formations have also shown small but consistent benefits for those experiencing IBS. A multi-strain probiotic is usually more effective than a single-strain probiotic, and probiotics should be taken with a meal so more of the beneficial microbes survive the harsh acidic conditions of the stomach and can begin populating in the intestines, specifically the large intestine.
I have used the following multi-strain probiotic from Nature’s Bounty successfully many times when experiencing a gut health flareup and I recommend you use take it daily when experiencing a worsening of gut health symptoms.
Eat Fermented Foods for a Healthy Microbiome
Foods that contain sugar, starches, and/or fiber are able to be fermented by microorganisms, and most fermented foods benefit the gut microbiome by diversifying it with new species and strains of beneficial microbes from the fermented food. Fermented foods like kombucha, pickles, kimchi, sauerkraut, and others are typically easy to digest and contain many bioavailable nutrients; it’s no surprise that fermented foods have been cultured for thousands of years by different cultures around the world.
The best fermented foods are the ones that contain abundant fiber, as the fermentable fibers and starchy carbohydrates they possess further positively support the gut microbiome. Some of the symbiotic microbes of fermented foods will survive the transit through the harsh conditions of the stomach, and once this wave of food reaches the large intestine the survivors will establish themselves while the rest of the gut microbiome will begin metabolizing the leftover food as best as possible, producing beneficial biologic compounds like short-chain fatty acids.
Recalling the gut-brain axis, it’s been shown that the consumption of fermented foods is inversely associated with neurocognitive issues like neurosis and social anxiety. Even those at a higher genetic risk for social anxiety disorders showed improvements in their condition when consuming more fermented foods.
Eat a diversity of fermented foods at least a few times per week to receive the greatest benefit and to give yourself the best advantage in establishing a healthy gut microbiome.
Fiber Feeds the Gut Microbiome
Fiber is a type of carbohydrate the body is unable to digest. Some types of fiber are soluble in water, whereas others are insoluble, and some fibers are fermentable by the microbiome whereas others aren’t. The solubility and fermentability characteristics of fiber influence the entire digestive process, notably gut motility, and the more fiber is consumed, the bigger the effect on digestion.
Fermentable fibers are converted into short-chain fatty acids and other biologically useful metabolites by the microbiome of the large intestine, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream for various metabolic and cognitive functions. For example, the short-chain fatty acids that cross the highly selective blood-brain barrier regulate brain development and brain tissue homeostasis through their interactions with microglia immune cells of the nervous system. Disruptions to microbiome short-chain fatty acid metabolism have been linked to the development of neurocognitive disorders.
In general, most people consume too little fiber and would be well served to increase their fiber intake to forty-plus grams a day to improve their gut health, energy metabolism, and microbiome. Fruits and vegetables are the best sources of fiber because they also come paired with abundant vitamins and minerals in addition to useful plant phytochemicals. Plant polyphenols for example like flavonoids are also metabolized by symbiotic microorganisms in the gut microbiome, supporting their growth and your health.
How to Restore Healthy Gut Flora with Herbs
Spending time in natural environments, probiotics, and fermented foods increase microbial diversity, and eating adequate fiber is one of the best ways to then support the growth of a healthy microbiome, and the useful strategies for improving the gut microbiome don’t stop there. Herbs are one of the most powerful ways of reshaping the gut microbiome because not only do certain herbs support the growth of symbiotic microorganisms, they also select against pathogenic microorganisms at the same time.
How is it that herbs can do this, and what is the best way to use herbs for this effect?
One of the main reasons herbs are so good for the microbiome is because of the plant phytochemicals they contain like flavonoids. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites plants produce via the shikimate pathway for functions like protection against ultraviolet light; defense against insects, fungi, and harmful microorganisms; as antioxidants; and as plant hormone controllers. Flavonoids are biologically useful chemicals for plants, microorganisms, and humans.
With gut dysbiosis it’s also common to have gut health problems like leaky gut and IBS, and flavonoids like apigenin and quercetin are valuable in treating these conditions alongside their microbiome improving effects because they possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Drinking herbal teas, or consuming herbs like parsley, rosemary, thyme, and others as part of your regular diet increases the amount of flavonoids that your body has access too.
As these flavonoids move through the digestive system some are directly taken up and used by the tissues of the gut like intestinal epithelial barriers, some flavonoids are transported and metabolized by the liver before being circulating throughout the body, and whatever flavonoids remain make their way to the large intestine where they interact with the microbiome. Throughout this whole process flavonoids are reducing inflammation throughout the body by neutralizing unstable and highly reactive free radical compounds, stimulate the natural healing and regenerative pathways of the body (autophagy), and improve the functioning of the cardiovascular and cognitive systems.
Flavonoids, and herbs by extension, are so useful for restoring healthy gut flora because they possess selective antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of various pathogens while supporting the growth of useful symbiotic genera like bifidobacterium and lactobacillus. These symbiotic microbes also produce their own antimicrobial compounds that make life difficult for pathogens, and in this way using herbs acts like a one-two punch in remedying gut dysbiosis.
Flavonoid-microbiome interactions further improve gut health and heal dysbiosis because they help regenerate mucosal and epithelial digestive linings. When digestive linings are thin and degraded, biofilms begin to affix directly onto epithelial cells, causing systemic inflammation by triggering a strong immune response, and the consistent use of herbs, say through drinking herbal teas daily, helps to dissolve these biofilms while restoring digestive barriers to healthy integrity. Once this happens symbiotic microbes can begin to reclaim “lost territory” and fulfill their normal role of keeping pathogenic bacteria populations in check by outcompeting them.
My favorite way of using herbs to promote the growth of a healthy microbiome is to drink herbal teas often and to utilize herbs in my cooking daily. A great herbal tea for gut health and the microbiome is a 1:1:1 blend of chamomile, dandelion, and peppermint. These three herbs are very well-known for their digestive enhancing effects, they contain abundant plant phytochemicals like flavonoids, and they have a track record of safe use thousands of years long. Plus this tea blend is remarkably tasty unlike some other effective anti-microbial herbs like wormwood.
In addition to herbal teas, utilizing herbs like parsley, sage, oregano, thyme, rosemary in cooking makes your meals tastier and healthier. Dried parsley is especially useful as it contains absurd amounts of nature’s most powerful flavonoid - apigenin, and dried parsley is really easy to incorporate into a variety of foods. Mix some along with some digestive-boosting black pepper into your favorite dips, spreads, or plain cream cheese. Sprinkle dried parsley onto favorite dishes like a grain bowl, pasta dish, or with potatoes, incorporate into a breading or season your protein of choice (meat, fish, tofu) with it. Herbs are highly versatile in the kitchen, and including more herbs into your diet improves your nutrition in addition to helping improve the health of your microbiome.
Herbs are one of nature’s best prebiotics, and if you have gut dysbiosis and/or are looking to improve your gut microbiome, I would recommend making a habit out of drinking herbal teas and in using herbs in your cooking daily. Personally it’s made a huge difference in my gut health and in the efficiency of my microbiome, and it can do the same for you.
Mountain Rose Herbs is my go-to supplier of organic herbs and spices, they sell all the herbs I mentioned which are dandelion root, chamomile flowers, peppermint leaves, and black peppercorns.
How to Starve Bad Gut Bacteria
Just as important as increasing microbiome diversity and supporting the growth of symbiotic microbe populations is to select against and reduce pathogenic microbial populations in the gut. This is very important for a few reasons, and it’s something that is underappreciated and often treated dangerously and inefficiently by the standard medical system.
The reason why reducing pathogenic populations in the gut must be a top priority alongside supporting the diversification and growth of symbiotic populations is because pathogens and symbionts compete against each other. When pathogen biofilms are numerous and deeply entrenched in the gut environment, they have established territory and nutrient streams, and from these “strongholds” they produce endotoxins that cause inflammatory and immune health problems and make life difficult for symbiotic microorganisms.
With gut dysbiosis, bringing in new symbiotic bacteria via probiotics (the standard recommendation) helps to beneficially shift the microbiome slightly, but for probiotics and other methods that increase good bacteria in the gut naturally, it’s much more effective to clear out pathogenic bacteria first and then overlap that effort with a symbiotic microbiome supportive protocol.
Salmonella among epithelial cells
The standard medical treatment that is done to accomplish the goal of reducing pathogens in the microbiome is one or more course of antibiotics, but as discussed antibiotics typically make gut dysbiosis worse in the long run unless the condition being treated is immediately life threatening. A better method of reducing pathogens is to cut them off from their food supply by changing the diet and via fasting. Switching the diet from highly-processed low-nutrition foods to whole and unprocessed foods rich in nutrients and fiber like vegetables is the first thing that will help a lot in reducing bad bacteria in the gut. The second thing that can be done which is highly effective in starving bad gut bacteria is to undergo a period of nutrient deprivation by fasting.
Fasting Kills Gut Bacteria
Fasting is incredibly useful in healing the gut and for reducing pathogens in the microbiome, but there is some nuance to the process. The length of a fast determines how strong the gut-healing and pathogen-reducing effect is, as does how often fasts are done, and the food eaten before and after a fast is incredibly important in the effectiveness of any fast. The composition of the microbiome is determined in large part by one’s diet, and eating poor quality food before and after a fast won’t make a noticeable difference in improving the gut microbiome over the long run.
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Intermittent fasting is the most popular type of fasting, typically scheduled as sixteen hours of fasting followed by an open eight hour feeding window. This ratio of fasting to eating can be shortened to 12:12 or lengthened to 20:4, with the longer intermittent fasts taking the body deeper into autophagy. The benefit of intermittent fasting is that by eating every day and with a long eating window, it’s much easier to maintain caloric balance or even a caloric surplus if trying to gain weight if underweight and/or build lean body mass if an athlete.
Intermittent fasting is most effective done consistently day after day, and overtime the slight daily increase in autophagy it stimulates during the fasting window heals and regenerates the body.
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Fasting for twenty-four hours is also known as one meal a day OMAD fasting. The most common type of OMAD fasting is eating dinner every night, though it’s not uncommon to do breakfast or lunch OMAD. OMAD is similar to intermittent fasting in that food is still eaten every day, and OMAD is typically done consecutively or for a certain number of days per week.
Since OMAD takes the body deeper into a fasted state of autophagy across twenty-four hours than intermittent fasting, it’s a good way to begin experimenting with longer fasts and to examine one’s relationship with eating behaviors. Physiological hunger is quite different than a psychological food craving, and if struggling with making healthy dietary choices, consistent OMAD fasting is a great way to reset psychological behaviors and patterns in regard to dietary eating patterns. The gut-brain axis can be beneficially altered with OMAD and with time you’ll become better at identifying when you’re truly physically hungry or when you simply have a psychological food craving.
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Fasting for longer than 24 hours reduces the body’s glucose sugars stored in muscle cells and the liver, and around the 48 hour mark when all the glucose has been depleted is when the body will enter ketosis. Ketosis is a process that converts fatty acids to energy molecules known as ketones. The brain runs exclusively on simple sugars, or if those are not available, ketones. When carbohydrates are in short supply, either from fasting or from eating a high-fat ketogenic diet, the body begins producing ketones to keep all the metabolic systems running smoothly.
Just as fasting is an alternate operating system for the body, switching from sugar metabolism to ketone metabolism is another metabolic state change that can be used to improve health and diagnose health issues. A 48-hour fast is useful because it takes the body deep into autophagy, deeper than most people have ever gone in their lives except maybe during a bad flu (hmmm why is that?). 48 hours of fasting really gives the digestive system time to rest and regenerate and takes the body to the edge of or into ketosis. A longer 72-hour fast will take the body fully into ketosis and the autophagy healing effects are even stronger.
A 48-hour fast is short enough to be easily completed by most people without serious health issues as long as they have the willpower, it doesn’t require too much planning, and it’s also long enough to bring about noticeable differences in digestion and energy. The gut health observations made possible during a 48+-hour fast are invaluable in accurately diagnosing gut problems and, subsequently, in healing the gut.
Daily 16:8 intermittent fasting has been shown to be useful in changing the composition of the microbiome over time, and more effective are 24 and 48+ hour fasts. The longer a fast, the more food clears the digestive system, and typically at the 48 hour mark the digestive system is cleared of food and strong evolutionary pressures are increasingly placed on the microbiome. Fiber transits through the gut slowly, and being a nutrient that pathogens can’t utilize but symbionts can, if a fiber-rich meal is eaten at the start of a long fast, symbiotic microbes will be supported while pathogens die off from the lack of available “easy nutrients” like sugar that they feed on.
As pathogens die off and the linings of the digestive system repair, space once occupied by pathogens is freed up and symbiotic microbes are able to reclaim this territory in the gut. Then when the first healthy and fiber-rich break-fast meal is eaten, symbionts further expand in their populations and pathogens are further selected against.
In my experience just a single 48 hour fast can be transformative in healing the gut and changing the composition of the gut microbiome as long as the diet eaten around the fast is healthy, nutritious, and fiber-rich. Additionally as discussed earlier zero-calorie herbal teas can be enjoyed during the fast which through their plant phytochemicals and flavonoid content provide nutrition to symbionts while actively suppressing pathogens. Just because you’re not eating any calories doesn’t mean it’s not possible to feed the symbiotic gut microbiome, and combining fasting with herbalism is therefore one of the most effective ways to cure gut dysbiosis naturally.
Foods the Kill Bad Gut Bacteria
Diet has a huge influence over the composition of the microbiome, and regularly eating foods that are nutritious and supportive of the symbiotic microbiome while being selective against pathogens is an excellent way to heal from gut dysbiosis and restore healthy gut flora. Here are three foods that kill pathogens while supporting overall gut health.
Pumpkin seeds are an example of a food that specifically kills bad gut bacteria. Pumpkin seeds have anti-parasitic and anti-microbial properties, and eating a bolus dose of pumpkin seeds (2+ handfuls, can also be alongside something like a slightly-green banana) is not only incredibly nutritious, but it creates a wave of microbiome-supporting food that transits through the digestive system killing pathogens while supporting the growth of symbionts. Eat raw pumpkin seeds as a snack a few times a week and over time it’ll have a positive influence on your microbiome.
Another food that kills bad gut bacteria would be coffee. Coffee contains fiber and flavonoids and other useful compounds that have been shown to shift the microbiome towards greater symbiosis while improving the gut-brain axis.
Pickles are another food that are good at killing bad gut bacteria because not only are they fermented and contain abundant fiber, cucumber seeds like pumpkin seeds have anti-parasitic and antimicrobial properties. In fact all squashes are very nutritious, contains abundant fiber, and are super useful for the microbiome.
Strong Antimicrobial Herbs
Another way to reduce pathogens in the gut is to utilize some of the stronger antimicrobial herbs that exist like oregano, black walnut hull, wormwood, and clove.
Oregano: Oregano is a well-known herb that has powerful antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties. Specifically, oregano oil has been shown to be highly useful in killing and eliminating parasites from the body, and it appears most of this effect comes from its main active chemical, carvacrol.
Black Walnut Hull: The outer hull of black walnut seeds is rich in tannins and black walnut hull is a well-known antimicrobial and anti-parasitic herb. Typically, an extract will be made by soaking black walnut hulls in alcohol, and the resulting tincture is dosed, but powdered black walnut hull can also be used.
Wormwood: Wormwood is a super herb for killing pathogens and expelling parasites from the body, especially roundworms and enterobiasis. Wormwood has been used medicinally in Europe for thousands of years, and it used to be common during medieval times to perform an microbiome and parasite cleanse using it a few times a year. Wormwood is extremely bitter and difficult to drink as a tea, and for this reason, in my experience it’s best used as a powder supplemented in pill form. Ingesting too much wormwood can be dangerous but the amounts used for a microbiome cleanse are nowhere near harmful levels.
Clove: Cloves are effective in killing parasites and pathogens like malaria, cholera, scabies, tuberculosis, and others. The high levels of tannins and eugenol that cloves possess are the chief agents responsible for their antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties. Clove can be taken tinctured or powdered
To utilize these stronger antimicrobial herbs you can take an oregano oil supplement alongside HealthForce SuperFood’s SCRAM supplement which contains black walnut hull, clove, and wormwood. Follow the 17 day dosing instructions for SCRAM and take ~500 mg of oregano oil daily at the same time.
These natural antimicrobial herbs are relatively gentle on the good microbes in the gut but are tough on pathogenic microbes.
I recommend you follow a natural herbal antimicrobial protocol like this at the very onset of your gut dysbiosis healing endeavor, and use those first two weeks to make the dietary changes you need to make in order for the microbiome to stay healthy long after the herbal supplementation is over. During the SCRAM protocol practicing intermittent fasting is useful, and then at the end of the SCRAM protocol you’ll have enough experience with 16+ hour fasts to begin implementing longer 24 and 48 hour fasts 1-2x per week. All the while during this you can drink herbal teas and begin spending more of your free time in natural environments. Make a game of it, make it fun! Write out a plan and stick to it, and if you do all these things together, then with time and consistency your gut dysbiosis can be cured and the gut microbiome can be radically transformed.
The gut-brain axis improvements that result will be striking, you’ll be surprised by the abundant energy and mental clarity you now have, gut health problems will greatly reduce in severity and possibly go away entirely. Expect improvements in any of the gut dysbiosis symptoms you’re experiencing! No promises as everyone is highly individual in their health and wellness, but it’s highly likely and definitely worth a dedicated honest effort.
If we each heal our own microbiome imbalances we can together begin to heal society’s dysbiosis and make the world a happier and healthier place.
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
This article features excerpts from the Holistic Gut Health Guide. The Holistic Gut Health Guide provides you the information and framework you need to finally make the changes needed to remedy your gut health problems.
References:
Modern City Dwellers Have Lost about Half Their Gut Microbes.; 2022
Cleveland Clinic | Disease and Conditions. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases
Liang S, Wu X, Jin F. Gut-brain psychology: rethinking psychology from the microbiota– gut–brain axis. Front Integr Neurosci. 2018;12:33.
Mayer EA, Tillisch K, Gupta A. Gut/brain axis and the microbiota. J Clin Invest. 2015;125(3):926-938.
Sánchez B, Delgado S, Blanco-Míguez A, Lourenço A, Gueimonde M, Margolles A. Probiotics, gut microbiota, and their influence on host health and disease. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017;61(1):1600240.
Appleton J. The gut-brain axis: influence of microbiota on mood and mental health. Integr Med (Encinitas). 2018;17(4):28-32.
Cassidy A, Minihane AM. The role of metabolism (And the microbiome) in defining the clinical efficacy of dietary flavonoids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;105(1):10-22.
Su J, Wang Y, Zhang X, et al. Remodeling of the gut microbiome during Ramadan-associated intermittent fasting. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021;113(5):1332-1342.
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How to Heal Leaky Gut with Fasting
16, 24, and 48 hour fasts are one of if not the best way to heal leaky gut easily and effectively. By giving the digestive system time to rest from the rigors of digestion and by activating autophagy, digestive barriers can be restored to their normal integrity and leaky gut is healed.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Systemic inflammation throughout the body can cause many health problems and chronic diseases, and one way chronic inflammation occurs is through a gut health condition known as “leaky gut”. When the barriers of the digestive system are degraded and intestinal permeability is higher than normal, things like too-large food particles, microorganisms, and toxins that normally are unable to cross the digestive barrier into the bloodstream and the body as a whole are in fact able to do so. When this happens, the immune system goes on high alert and works to cleanup and detoxify the body, and the worse the condition of the mucosal and epithelial layers of the digestive barrier, the worse leaky gut is.
Leaky gut is most commonly a gut health condition that is experienced alongside other gut health problems like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but it can be experienced by itself, and leaky gut is often the first gut health problem that is experienced before other gut health problems develop. The tissues of the digestive system are highly dynamic and undergo cellular turnover quite rapidly, and at the same time the integrity of digestive barriers can degrade rapidly depending on what one eats, environmental or lifestyle stressors, and exposure to pathogens. What this means is that leaky gut can develop rapidly. Everyone has had leaky gut at least a few times in their life due to eating a poor diet, excessive stress, or illness, and while normally leaky gut will go away as everything returns to normal, leaky gut can persist if certain conditions remain.
Because leaky gut is characterized by excessive inflammation caused by chronic activation of the immune system, symptoms of leaky gut can be quite diverse, ranging from skin inflammation to joint pain to cognitive impairment to the typical digestive problems of bloating, gas, constipation, and/or diarrhea. To recover from leaky gut, digestive barriers must be restored to their normal integrity, and this can be done rapidly by fasting. By abstaining from all food and emptying the digestive system over the course of many hours or days, the presence of gut barrier degraders like food particles, gut microbiota, and toxic chemicals like pesticides are dramatically reduced and the digestive system is able to rapidly regenerate in a much quieter immune system environment. Combining fasting with stress reduction practices, certain herbs, and supplements like probiotics and zinc amplify the healing effect further.
Leaky gut can persist for a long time if left untreated and can set the stage for more serious gut health problems or inflammation-based diseases to develop, but it is relatively easy to treat when the right steps are taken.
In this article we cover:
The science and biology of digestive barriers, the microbiome, and the immune system
Things that cause leaky gut, symptoms of leaky gut, and food intolerances
How fasting can rapidly heal leaky gut
Beneficial dietary changes for leaky gut, herbs that help with leaky gut, probiotics and zinc
How to combine fasting with dietary changes, herbs, and supplements to heal your leaky gut
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Intestinal Permeability and Gut Health
The Role of Digestive Barriers
Digestion is the process that takes nutrients from the outside world and converts them into components usable by your body. As far as the human system is concerned, something is not truly in the human body until it has passed through the intestinal lining and into the bloodstream. Everything inside the digestive system is technically “outside” the cells and tissues of your body. The body wraps around this long, high surface area tunnel that end to end (mouth to anus) is exposed to the outside world, sealed by various gates (sphincter valves) along the way. All the food that is transiting through the gut, the acids and juices that are released into the gut, and the microbiome that reside in the gut all exist outside the human tissues of the body. For there to exist an outside and an inside there must exist a separator between the two; a wall, barrier, divider of some sort. In the case of the digestive system the linings of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are that divider.
Digestive barriers exist for the following reasons:
To create a immune-silent environment inside the body, stopping viruses and pathogens from entering into the bloodstream and beyond
To limit the exposure of epithelial cells to chemically-reactive digestive juices like stomach acid, bile, and digestive enzymes
To differentiate and select nutrients usable by the body from those that aren’t fully digested and broken down small enough yet
To protect the body from unwanted chemicals and toxins, like environmental toxins such as pesticides or endotoxins produced from pathogenic bacteria
Healthy intestinal epithelial barrier with no weak tight junctions.
DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0126-x | CC4.0
The Mucosal Layer
The digestive lining starts with a layer of mucus which sits over the one-cell-thick internal lining of the gut made of different types of epithelial cells. The mucosal layer is a chemical barrier that limits contact between the epithelial cells and the microbiome, which is of critical importance. Mucus also protects epithelial cells from the various digestive juices such as stomach acid, bile, and enzymes. Depending on the gut health of an individual, mucosal layers can be thick and healthy or eroded and unhealthy, and this can vary between the different sections of the digestive system.
In the context of leaky gut it’s typically the intestinal mucosal layer that is degraded, whereas an eroded mucosal layer for the stomach can lead to issues like gastritis and acid reflux (GERD). If the gut is healthy when viruses and pathogens in the digestive system make contact with the mucosal layer, there is a robust immune response from white-blood cells like T-cells and monocytes that occurs. Dysregulation of the mucosal immune response is a very important factor in the progression of gut health problems like leaky gut, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and more serious conditions like irritable bowel disease (IBD).
Epithelial Cells and Tight Junctions
Underneath the mucosal layer are epithelial cells, the main component of digestive linings. Once food particles are fully digested they pass through the mucosal layer and upon reaching the villi of the intestinal epithelium are transported across the cell membrane and into the bloodstream. Epithelial cells are wedged tightly together to stop things from passing in-between them, and the strength of these tight junctions are a key component of gut health.
The layers of the digestive system are selectively permeable, and the status of the mucosal layer and the epithelial cells determines intestinal permeability. The defining characteristic of leaky gut is that intestinal permeability has increased because the mucosal layer is thin and the tight junctions of the epithelium are degraded and gaps exist in-between the epithelial cells.
An increase in intestinal permeability allows food particles, chemicals, toxins, and microorganisms to pass from the digestive system into the body, which then triggers the immune system to clean up the “mess”. If digestive barriers are degraded and inflamed, restoring these digestive barriers to optimal health and function is one of the most important things that can be done to improve gut health. Restoring intestinal permeability to normal is the key to healing leaky gut.
Symptoms of Leaky Gut
Increased Intestinal Permeability
Leaky gut is a gut health condition characterized by increased intestinal permeability caused by eroded protective mucosal layers and an inflamed epithelial cellular layer. Leaky gut isn’t a health condition currently recognized to exist by the medical establishment, but its existence is undoubtable simply due to the sheer volume of people who suffer from health symptoms caused by increased intestinal permeability. Leaky gut can exist by itself as a gut problem, though more typically it is a gut health problem that exists concurrently with other gastrointestinal issues like IBS and IBD.
It’s the inflammation of the epithelium and the systemic response of the immune system that is primarily responsible for the symptoms of leaky gut.
Leaky Gut and Inflammation
By far the most notable symptom of leaky gut is that it triggers a constant inflammatory response in the body. It’s this inflammation that causes a lot of the symptoms commonly associated with leaky gut like:
Skin problems like acne, rashes, auto-immune skin issues
Joint pain, swelling, arthritis
Chronic fatigue and energy an overall deficit
Neurocognitive problems such as brain fog, anxiety, depression,
Asthma
Being caused by the inflammatory response of the body, when leaky gut is healed and inflammation goes down these symptoms can disappear quite rapidly.
More common are symptoms digestive in origin which themselves are effected by the inflammation leaky gut causes but are triggered primarily through mechanisms before the inflammatory response. These symptoms are:
Bloating and gas
Abdominal and stomach pain
Changes in gut motility like constipation and diarrhea
Food sensitivities and intolerances
Nutrient deficiencies
The body is always doing its best to heal itself, and with leaky gut it recognizes that its digestive barriers are functioning poorly, so it alters digestion how it can to help the digestive barriers heal. For example this could mean that if a meal is eaten that will make the leaky gut condition worse because it contains damaging foods, the transit of the food through the digestion system may be expedited and diarrhea experienced. Or since leaky gut is typically paired with some degree of microbiome dysbiosis, bloating from excess gas production of an overgrown pathogenic microbiome is common. As it is with gut health problems, the answer to the problem can be found in the symptoms experienced.
With leaky gut every meal feels like an unknown in whether symptoms will be triggered and which ones at that. The reason fasting is so effective in healing leaky gut is that it completely empties the digestive system of food, and food is one of the main triggers of leaky gut symptoms. Food may trigger symptoms of leaky gut, and certain foods can cause leaky gut, but leaky gut can be caused by factors other than food.
*Read till the end to receive a special discount code for the Holistic Gut Health Guide, the all-in-on eBook on how to heal the gut using natural methods.
Things that Cause Leaky Gut
Pesticides and Leaky Gut
Pesticides are well-known to increase intestinal permeability and thin mucus linings. In the USA ~2.5 kg of pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides, and rodenticides) are applied per hectare of land (100 x 100 meters). What this means is that most of the food sold in grocery stores is contaminated with significant amounts of pesticides. Excessive pesticide exposure also causes gut dysbiosis and unfavorably alters the gut-brain axis because pathogenic bacteria like Clostridium spp. and Salmonella, which produce noxious health-disrupting endotoxins, are more resistant to common pesticides like glyphosate (the herbicide roundup) than symbionts like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria.
Pesticide residues are found in high concentrations on many fruits and vegetables as well as wheat, oats, rice, beans, and legumes. Eating these foods, particularly wheat and oats in excess (multiple times per day), exposes the body to pesticide concentrations beyond tolerable and can contribute greatly to leaky gut.
Pathogens Increase Intestinal Permeability
Toxic pesticide exposure in excess will lead to gut dysbiosis, a condition marked by an increase in harmful pathogenic microorganisms in the gut microbiome while helpful symbionts decrease in population. Pathogens and the toxic metabolites they produce degrade digestive linings and increase intestinal permeability. An especially troublesome situation is when hard-to-dislodge pathogenic biofilms are able to adhere close to or directly onto epithelial cells because the mucosal lining is thin/non-existent. Biofilms are protective structures both symbiotic an pathogenic microorganisms make for a variety of reasons and to increase the survivability. In the worse cases of leaky gut the presence of pathogenic biofilms on the intestinal epithelium is almost assured, and this creates many complications.
Drugs and Antibiotics Increase Intestinal Permeability
Certain pharmaceutical drugs and antibiotics erode and degrade digestive linings. For example oral low-dose antibiotics are often prescribed for skin acne, and this daily antibiotic will slowly degrade digestive linings while simultaneously altering the microbiome towards gut dysbiosis. A short-course of antibiotics or certain drugs will also unfavorably alter intestinal permeability and the microbiome, but the effect is generally less than that caused from the constant use of these drugs, and can be recovered from quickly if the right steps are taken.
Stress/Anxiety and Leaky Gut
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional connection pathway that exists between the gut microbiome and nervous system/brain, and not only does the microbiome effect the functioning of the brain, but conditions of the nervous system and brain like stress, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and more in-turn effect the microbiome and gut. Excessive stress and anxiety in particular degrade digestive function and the integrity of digestive barriers.
For example an extended stressful period of one’s life can lead to gut health problems like gastritis (stomach inflammation) and IBS. The depth of the connection between stress and the gut isn’t well-known by most, and it’s often a mystery to people who are experiencing gut health problems like leaky gut why they are having these problems; they never consider that the stress they are experiencing day by day may be a large contributing factor in their gut health problems.
Food Intolerances and Leaky Gut
A food intolerance occurs when the digestive system has a difficult time breaking down a particular food or chemical, and it can be common to be intolerant to many foods at once. When intestinal permeability is high and undigested food particles are slipping past epithelial tight junctions and into the bloodstream, then the immune system begins to recognize that certain food nutrients are constantly causing problems and a preemptive immune response can develop to those foods. If the body is having difficulty breaking down certain food macronutrients in the digestive track, like with fructose, lactose, or wheat proteins, then greater numbers of those nutrients will be not fully digested as compared to other food nutrients that are being adequately digested, and they will trigger the immune system strongly causing greater amounts of inflammation.
Food intolerances are highly individual, and it’s often hard to diagnose what food(s) is causing the digestive problems without first performing a few carefully observed 48+ hour fasts or with a 6+ week elimination diet.
The Case of Joe and Kate
To understand how all these leaky gut causing factors interplay with each other let’s examine a hypothetical scenario that unfortunately is all too common.
Joe and Kate eat a typical American diet high in wheat, other grain products, and ultra-processed foods. Their poor quality diet causes chronic inflammation of the digestive system (and body), and the high levels of pesticides they expose their gut and microbiome to through their diet exacerbate the problem more by further degrading digestive barriers and promoting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Both Joe and Kate take a few different pharmaceutical drugs for health conditions they have, and then when they mention that their developing gut health problems to a gastroenterologist they are prescribed a low-dose antibiotic, worsening the problem. Overworked and underpaid, the stress from each of their jobs bleeds over into their daily life, and one of the few ways they find comfort is by eating highly-pleasurable junk foods that trigger the food intolerances they’ve developed (but don’t yet know they have). With limited gut health consciousness, the health of their gastrointestinal systems and their overall wellness goes down day by day.
As you can see every factor is influencing the others, creating a feedback loop that degrades gut health further and further, and whereas leaky gut was the first and only gut health problem that existed, if things aren’t changed then eventually IBS and then IBD develops. If those conditions aren’t treated, then long term chronic diseases and cancers can develop. To unravel this knot of problems is no easy task, but one way significant progress can be made quickly is stop the downward spiral at the beginning and to abstain from all food for a period of time.
Fasting for Leaky Gut
There are many ways to reduce stress on the digestive system, from a liquid diet to removing intolerant foods from the diet, but there is no question that the simplest and most effective way to reduce digestive stress and inflammation is to simply not eat. The epithelial layer of the digestive system regenerates about 20% per day, and this rate is increased even further when the regular stress of digesting food is alleviated via fasting.
Luckily it’s in our physiology to fast, it’s a second “default mode network” for the body that has developed over millions of years of evolution. In fact the body wants you to fast every now and then, it’s the most efficient way to active autophagy, the cellular process that repairs and regenerates the tissues of the body.
With leaky gut the barriers of the digestive system are highly degraded and dysfunctional, and to heal leaky gut these tissues must be repaired and regenerated. Not only does fasting create an environment in the gut free of triggering food particles and greatly reduces microorganism populations, it also triggers this value process of autophagy which is essential in recovering from leaky gut. Leaky gut will not be remedied if autophagy isn’t activated, and autophagy is most powerfully activated by nutrient deprivation.
Intermittent Fasting for Leaky Gut
Most information out there that discusses how fasting can be used to remedy leaky gut focuses on daily 16:8 intermittent fasting. Most people eat every few hours, so food is constantly transiting through their digestive systems, and intermittent fasting changes this by condensing food consumption to an eight hour window (typically) with the other 16 hours of the day being free of all food consumption. Intermittent fasting is a good place to start for people brand new to fasting and interested in experimenting with fasting for gut health, metabolism, and overall wellness benefits. To see the biggest benefit from intermittent fasting, it should be done consistently everyday.
Intermittent fasting can certainly be effective in reducing leaky gut, but it can take a long time (weeks to months) to see beneficial changes because the digestive system is still processing food everyday. To really heal the gut and regenerate the digestive barriers quickly, the digestive system should be completely emptied of all food, and this takes 24+ hours of fasting. Longer fasts are much more effective in healing the digestive system, and intermittent fasting is a good protocol to follow in-between longer fasts to keep autophagy elevated.
OMAD for Leaky Gut
A 24 hour fast will take the body deeper into autophagy than intermittent fasting will, and it’s a good way to begin experimenting with fasting for healing leaky gut because it’s easy to perform with a little preparation and the beneficial effects are more likely to be felt and experienced. The best way to stick to something is to actually feel how it’s helping you, and guaranteed after a 24 hour fast if you pay attention you’ll notice that your gut health has noticeably improved and whatever symptoms you normally have have reduced in severity. Twenty four fasting can be done daily with what’s known as one-meal-a-day (OMAD) fasting. As has been shown intermittent fasting is useful for treating leaky gut, and OMAD is even more so.
48 Hour Fasting for Leaky Gut
Most effective for treating leaky gut significantly and quickly is a 48 hour fast. While not eating anything for 2 days may seem daunting, in fact a forty-eight-hour fast is short enough to be easily completed by most people without serious health issues as long as they have the willpower and do a little bit of planning. Remember the body is physiologically designed to go through periods of nutrient deprivation, and most people carry around enough body fat to make fasting for 48 hours, let alone a week or two, no problem. Abstaining from eating for 48 hours really clears the digestive system of all food and greatly reduces the size of the microbiome through nutrient deprivation. Symbiotic microorganisms are more adaptable to conditions of nutrient deprivation than pathogens and better survive the conditions an extended fast, and this makes fasting an excellent way to treat gut dysbiosis, which is often a main contributor to leaky gut.
Fiber and Fasting
The size and composition of the 1-2 meals before a fast is critical for the success of any fast. A final pre-fast meal rich in fiber with a balanced fat, carbohydrate, and protein macronutrient profile will provide long-lasting energy to the body during the first 24 hours of the fast, and once it has transited to the large intestine, the microbiome there will metabolize the fiber present into short-chain fatty acids and other useful metabolites which provide energy to the body and are useful for the brain for the next 24+ hours. It’s remarkable how much easier a fast can be when the last meal eaten is for example a grain bowl loaded up with fresh vegetables, versus a highly processed meal like pizza with glass. Fiber also normalizes gut motility and helps to remedy gut dysbiosis by promoting the growth of symbiotic microorganisms like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria.
I don’t recommend you try fasting off a low-quality meal. If you really want to heal your leaky gut you should make healing your gut a priority, make a plan, eat the right foods, and provide yourself the time you need. How well you stick to the plan is up to you and no one else.
For example when I do a 48 hour fast I will schedule it during the weekend so I have no outside responsibilities that require my energy or attention. I specifically set aside those two days for deep relaxation which reduces my stress levels, and the biggest physical activity I may do is go for a walk and practice some yoga/stretching. While fasting, keep physical and mental energy demands on the body low and dip into a deep state of parasympathetic relaxation and healing. This places less stress on the metabolic and energetic systems of the body and greatly reduces the chance of experiencing any unwanted side effects from fasting like low blood sugar and lightheadedness.
Before embarking upon your first fast I recommend you learn more about the nuances of fasting, either by reading my article on fasting to reset the digestive system, or by reading chapters 8 and 9 of the Holistic Gut Health Guide. You should also consult with a medical professional to make sure fasting will be safe for you to do.
Heal Leaky Gut in Two Weeks
By utilizing fasting and a few other gut health boosting strategies, significant progress can be made in healing leaky gut in just two weeks.
First and most important is to eat a very simple and gut health promoting diet during this period of time. Only organic/biodynamic foods should be eaten in order to reduce pesticide exposure, lifestyle and environmental stress should be reduced as much as possible, and the use of drugs/antibiotics should ceased if possible.
Diet to Reduce Intestinal Permeability for Leaky Gut
Different people can react to the same food quite differently, and for this reason I won’t give sweeping dietary advice, but there are a few best practices I am comfortable recommending which you can try and evaluate for yourself.
The first step is to increase your fiber and vegetable intake. Aim for 40+ grams of fiber in a day. A healthy symbiotic microbiome is critical in having healthy digestive barriers, and eating sufficient fiber and flavonoids is the main way to promote a healthy microbiome through dietary measures. Polyphenols and flavonoids are plant phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, and herbs that possess strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial (for pathogens) properties. Flavonoids in particular are well-known to strengthen intestinal tight junctions, decrease intestinal permeability, and decrease gut dysbiosis, which are the exact things needed to heal leaky gut.
Second step is to eat more rice. Rice is a very easy grain to digest that can be prepared into a wide variety of meals, and I recommend eating rice over other grains when healing gut health problems like leaky gut. Organic rice will contain much less pesticides than non-organic rice, and rice flour is also the backbone of many gluten-free products.
Third step is to remove the most common food allergens from the diet, these being eggs, fish, milk, peanuts, shellfish, soy, tree nuts, and wheat. With some preparatory meal planning, it’s not difficult to eat a nutritious and filling diet without these foods.
Begin Fasting Regularly
Alongside these dietary changes you can begin experimenting with fasting regularly. Start with daily 16:8 intermittent fasting, and then on the easy days in your schedule add in some 24 hour and 48 hour fasts. One 48 hour fast for example will cause a huge improvement in your leaky gut condition, and during this focused two week effort to heal your leaky gut you should aim to complete two separate 48 hour fasts and a few 24 hour fasts. It is possible to keep caloric intake at maintenance while fasting, but if you have some body fat to lose then don’t worry about eating the same volume of food and let your body burn some body fat for energy as that’s beneficial for your health too.
Supplements and Herbs for Leaky Gut
Lastly the whole gut healing process can be helped along significantly by utilizing the gut healing and normalizing properties of herbs like black pepper, dandelion, and chamomile in addition to supplements like multi-strain probiotics and zinc. Herbs are so useful for gut health because they contain abundant amounts of useful flavonoid phytochemicals like apigenin, and a tea brewed from herbs like dandelion and chamomile contains no calories making it the perfect drink to enjoy during fasting. In fact a herbal tea like this makes fasting much easier metabolically and more effective in healing the gut via an upregulation of autophagy.
Black Pepper: One of the main chemicals found in black pepper is piperine, it’s the chemical responsible for black pepper’s pungency. Piperine is a gut health wonder chemical because it improves digestion by stimulating the body to release more digestive enzymes, restores healthy mucous linings, is antimicrobial against pathogens, increases the bioavailability and absorption of nutrients, reduces inflammation and mitigates stress, reduces the toxicity of certain chemicals, and boosts the metabolism. Black pepper and piperine by extension are great for gut health problems because not only does black pepper improve digestion and balance the microbiome, but it also aids in nutrient absorption, and many people who suffer from gut problems like leaky gut have problems absorbing the nutrients they consume.
Nootropics Depot sells a good piperine supplement which is useful taken with meals or during fasting. The main way I dose piperine is to simply grind extra black pepper on all my meals. Piperine makes up 3-10% of peppercorns by weight, so if you grind up enough black pepper, you’ll receive a significant amount (20+ mg) of piperine every time.
Dandelion Root: Dandelion is useful for fasting and healing gut problems because it normalizes gut motility (the speed of food transit through the gut), increases gastrointestinal mucus production thereby restoring protective mucous linings, applies beneficial antimicrobial pressures on pathogens in the microbiome, increases bile production (improving fat metabolism), and helps heal gastric ulcers. In addition to these amazing benefits, the phytonutrients found in dandelion help purify the blood of pathogens, reduce inflammation throughout the body, and heal blood vessel epithelial linings.
Dandelion also boosts fat metabolism, improves blood cholesterol parameters, and reduces unwanted platelet aggregation, which improves energy and oxygen transport throughout the body. Dandelion also aids the autophagy process by inducing unhealthy cells to undergo apoptosis while protecting healthy cells.
Dandelion is a wonder herb, use it often and you’ll be amazed by how much it helps you to heal your leaky gut.
Chamomile Flower: Chamomile is a digestive aid, calms the nervous system, and improves cardiovascular health. Chamomile is one of the best herbs for fasting and gut health because it improves gut motility, applies a gentle antimicrobial pressure to the microbiome, and increases gastrointestinal mucous production. Chamomile improves blood cholesterol levels, reduces excessive platelet aggregation, and normalizes blood sugar levels.
Chamomile is notably calming and increases the parasympathetic activity of the nervous system, which aids in relaxing and improving digestion. Balancing the activity of the autonomic nervous system is foundational to good health. Sometimes during a fast, energy levels will dip and become more volatile, and chamomile tea helps normalize metabolism and promotes relaxation, which smooths out the energy volatility that otherwise might have been experienced. The autonomic nervous system is also responsible for the waves of smooth muscle activity that propel food through the digestive system, and by normalizing these peristaltic waves, chamomile stabilizes gut motility to the Goldilocks zone, with food not transiting too quickly or too slowly through the digestive system
Mountain Rose Herbs sells organic dried dandelion root and chamomile flower which can be blended together into a 1:1 tea blend. Steep with boiling water for 5-15 minutes and drink daily to enjoy the gut health and overall wellness benefits it promotes. Drinking this tea in-between fasts with every or in-between meals is another way to keep autophagy increased and the gut healing.
Multi-Strain Probiotics: Probiotics containing strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria appear to be the most effective in helping with gut health problems, and these probiotic formations have also shown small but consistent benefits for those experiencing IBS. A multi-strain probiotic is usually more effective than a single-strain probiotic, and probiotics should be taken with a meal so more of the beneficial microbes survive the harsh acidic conditions of the stomach and can begin populating in the intestines, specifically the large intestine. I have used the following multi-strain probiotic from Nature’s Bounty successfully, I recommend you try it if you have leaky gut.
Zinc: Zinc has been shown to strengthen epithelial tight junctions, and you can consume more zinc by increasing your consumption of zinc-rich foods like oysters, pumpkin seeds, pulses (beans, lentils, etc), cashews, leafy greens, mushrooms, and avocado. You can also take a zinc supplement. Taking zinc in too high of doses (>25 mg) can cause digestive upset and nausea, and it’s for this reason I recommend the 15 mg Zinc Balance supplement from Jarrow Formulas. This Zinc Balance supplement also comes with 1 mg of copper which helps to keep zinc and copper levels balanced in the body.
Signs Leaky Gut is Healing
The clearest sign that your leaky gut is healing is that your gut motility normalizes and you experience much less bloating and gas after eating a meal. If you are having inflammatory health problems as a result of the leaky gut, then you’ll begin to notice that these issues are decreasing in severity and/or becoming less frequent. For example you might notice your skin clearing up, your brain fog go away, joint pain lessens in severity or vanishes, and chronic fatigue lessens.
These are the initial signs that leaky gut is healing, once intestinal permeability has returned to normal because the mucosal lining is restored and the epithelium is once again strong and intact, then you may notice that foods which previously triggered your leaky gut symptoms now no longer cause problems. To elaborate on this further I will describe how I healed my leaky gut and the changes I noticed.
How I Healed my Leaky Gut
Leaky gut was one of the many gut health problems I had for many years, alongside IBS, small intestinal bacteria overgrowth (SIBO), food intolerances to gluten and fructose, gut dysbiosis, and other issues. Yeah it was a handful, and my gut health problems are one reason I started Wild Free Organic.
Restoring the integrity of my digestive barriers was a key step in healing myself of my many gut health problems as leaky gut was one of the main contributing reasons to my IBS and food intolerances.
The main way I healed my leaky gut was by focusing on the following:
Fasting regularly with intermittent, 24 hour, and 48 hour fasts scheduled at regular intervals.
Constantly optimizing my diet to increase my vegetable and fiber intake. Introducing more fermented foods like pickles into my diet also helped considerably.
Reducing environmental stressors like pesticide exposure by shopping organic and by growing my own food. I also switched from drinking tap water which is bad for the gut microbiome to drinking only spring water free of added chemicals like fluoride and chlorine.
Reducing lifestyle stress by being more mindful of my energy levels and being careful with the intensity of the exercise I did, listening to my body and resting more when needed, and not letting factors beyond my control (like at work) stress me out needlessly.
I hope you found the information in this article on leaky gut and fasting useful, and if you really want to heal your gut then I recommend you continue your gut health and wellness education by purchasing the Holistic Gut Health Guide. Use the code LEAKY10 for 10% off at checkout, and best of luck!
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
References:
Chelakkot C, Ghim J, Ryu SH. Mechanisms regulating intestinal barrier integrity and its pathological implications. Exp Mol Med. 2018;50(8):1-9.
Cleveland Clinic | Disease and Conditions. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases
Suzuki T. Regulation of the intestinal barrier by nutrients: The role of tight junctions. Anim Sci J. 2020;91(1).
Rudea-Ruzafa L, Cruz F, Roman P, Cardona D. Gut microbiota and neurological effects of glyphosate. Neurotxicology. 2019;75:1-8 5. Zhao GP, Wang XY, Li JW, et al.
Imidacloprid increases intestinal permeability by disrupting tight junctions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 222:112476
Wang X, Valenzano MC, Mercado JM, Zurbach EP, Mullin JM. Zinc supplementation modifies tight junctions and alters barrier function of CACO-2 human intestinal epithelial layers. Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58(1):77-87.
Herbal Teas and Fasting for Gut Health
Combing herbal teas with fasting is one of the safest and best ways to heal the gut and dramatically improve digestion. Herbs like dandelion and chamomile are already highly beneficial for the gut and overall wellness, and their unique phytochemicals make fasting easier and more effective. Learn more.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Some of the most foundational health problems are gut health issues. The gastrointestinal system has some of the strongest connections to the bloodstream, is closely tied to the immune system, provides the raw inputs for energy metabolism, is a huge production center of neurotransmitters for the brain and nervous system, and in general is one of the largest sources of inflammation in the body because of the microbiome and from the rigors of digestion itself.
What this means is that if the gut is in a state of dis-ease, then it’s likely that not only will gut health problems exist but also other maladies such as chronic inflammation and pain, weakened immunity or auto-immune issues, poor energy metabolism, skin problems, or mental health issues. Returning the digestive system to a state of normal function is often the root-cause fix that will resolve those other health issues. It’s very common for people who have healed their gut to report that their depression/anxiety/insomnia or other mental health issues go away, for their skin inflammatory conditions such as acne, psoriasis, or eczema to vanish, or for chronic pain and fatigue to disappear.
The digestive system is a complex web of interactions between many different organs and also trillions of microorganism that live inside it known as the microbiome. When it comes to healing the gut, the digestive system is too complex to be successfully healed by examining it through a narrow window and then treating one or two identified symptoms. Instead the best methods for improving the entire functioning of the gut are holistic in nature. In my experience of 10+ years of gut healing and gut health mindfulness I’ve found that the most powerful all-encompassing holistic tools that can be used to heal the gut are fasting (abstaining from food) and drinking herbal teas.
Fasting removes all caloric inputs, volume, and bulk from the digestive system, allowing the epithelial cells and mucous layers that make up the lining of the digestive system to regenerate while also giving the immune system time to reset and restore to normal protective functioning. Herbal teas (with the right herbs of course) are packed full of beneficial vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals which give them anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and adaptogenic properties which beneficially amplify the fasting process.
In this article you will learn about:
How fasting is beneficial for gut health
How herbal teas benefit gut health
How fasting and herbal teas can be used in conjunction to heal gut health and microbiome problems.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Fasting and Gut Health
Life is driven by metabolism, and there are two default mode networks for metabolism. One is anabolism, the growth and creation of new tissues, which naturally is an inflammatory process. The other is catabolism, the anti-inflammatory process that repairs and recycles old and worn out bodily tissues. To be optimally healthy time spent in both anabolism and catabolism is required, generally in equal amount (unless already out of balance).
Modern culture has most people spending an excess of time in an anabolic state, the main symptoms of which are being overweight or obese and having generalized inflammation throughout the body. If anabolic pathways are seriously out of balance then life-threatening conditions like cancer (the out of control growth of mutated cells) is often the result.
Fasting and Inflammation
The reason fasting is so powerful in healing gut health problems, and in general many many inflammation based health problems is because it activates the other default mode network for human which is catabolism, otherwise known as autophagy. Food intake is one of the greatest drivers of anabolism, and removing all food from the equation turns off the “energy spigot”. The brain and body still require energy for cognition and movement though, so a beautifully complex sequence of events takes place if the energy spigot turns off which has the body switch to a protective healing state known as autophagy. During autophagy malfunctioning cells are terminated through a process known as apoptosis, and their still functional components are recycled and distributed to where they are needed. Cells that can be repaired are patched up, and the body begins to burn stored bodyfat for energy. After a couple days of fasting once all glycogen stores are used up the body begins producing ketones from bodyfat so the brain can continue to operate successfully.
Fasting is a cellular deep cleaning that sees the different systems of the body repair and be recharged with the vital nutrients that they need to function properly. Inflammation goes down dramatically. Once food is reintroduced, the body switches back to catabolism and the healthy cells remaining divide to restore tissues and organs back to their normal sizes. For example during a seven day fast the size of the liver can contract by as much as 50% and then with the reintroduction of food it will regenerate back to its normal size and function, but now it’s composed of a much greater number of healthy functioning cells.
There are many ways to trigger catabolism, but the most powerful way is to simply fast and abstain from eating any food. The longer the body requires catabolic processes to heal to return to balance, the more time must be spent catabolic, and if using fasting for this purpose, longer fasts and/or more frequent fasts will be needed. The great thing about fasting is that it is completely free, can be done anywhere and doesn’t require any specialized devices or drugs, and is a relatively safe natural process that the body wants you to do from time to time.
Fasting and Gut Microbiome
Fasting has a powerful ability to heal the gut because of how it actives system-wide autophagy, and the other way it powerfully improves gut health is through the evolutionary pressures it places on the microbiome. The microbiome is made up of trillions of microorganisms that live “inside” the body but in reality outside the tissues of the body. The microbiome feeds off the food constantly being consumed, and a helpful microbiome will work symbiotically with the host to break down nutrients normally not digestible like plant fibers. A pathogenic microbiome, one that doesn’t work with and serve its host, will feed off the nutrients normally reserved for the host like sugar and starches, growing their populations while also producing waste components in the process. Pathogens dream of entering into the body at large where ample nutrients float through the bloodstream, and if the gut is compromised then this task is made easy and they slip past epithelial tight junctions. Once pathogens are in the bloodstream the responsibilities of the immune system ramp up dramatically which creates chronic inflammation if pathogens are constantly slipping into the bloodstream from the gut.
By removing all food, fasting applies an evolutionary pressure to the microbiome that selects for microorganisms that can survive during times of nutrient scarcity. Microorganisms that are comfortable chewing and subsisting on long-transiting foods like fiber will survive in greater numbers than microorganisms that feed off quick nutrients like sugar that are quickly in short supply during a fast. Fasting is a great way to cleanse the microbiome.
The microbiome of the gut is one of the main sources of neurotransmitters in the body, and a 48 hour fast for example will not only heal the digestive system and reduce bodily inflammation but by changing the composition of the microbiome it will change neurotransmitter ratios and their production for better cognitive function and mental health. Neurotransmitters are how the microbiome influences behavior.
For the reasons laid out above one can already see how fasting is a tremendously powerful way to improve gut health and overall health and wellness. Combining fasting with herbal teas amplifies the healing and regenerative processes while also making a fast easier and safer to complete.
*Read to the end to receive a 10% discount on the Holistic Gut Health Guide, the all-in-one gut health eBook that will help you solve your gut health problems once and for all!
Fasting and Herbal Tea
The biggest issue with fasting is the fact that new energy input is removed from the system which requires a metabolic shift. It’s the metabolic shift to burning body fat for energy that is one of the primary benefits of fasting, but if that mode of metabolism hasn’t been used often or recently, then it can be difficult to maintain adequate energy levels during a fast. Practice makes perfect, and the more time is spent fasted in general, the easier fasting becomes, but for those very new to fasting who have weak metabolisms, pursuing any ways to make fasting easier and safer (avoiding low blood sugar dips) is highly encouraged.
Drinking herbal teas are an amazing addition to fasting because not only do they help heal the digestive system and balance the microbiome through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, but certain herbs also improve metabolism by regulating fat oxidation and blood glucose levels. Below is a list of the most useful and readily accessible herbs for fasting and gut healing, and afterwards I’ll share the herbal tea blends that I recommend for fasting.
Dandelion for Gut Health and Fasting
Dandelion is one of the most common herbs worldwide and it’s well known for it’s herbal uses. The entire dandelion plant from flower to root is edible, and dandelion (especially dandelion root) is a powerful digestive aid, blood purifier, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial, cancer fighter, and metabolism booster.
Dandelion is especially useful for fasting and healing gut problems because it normalizes gut motility (the speed of transit of food through the gut), increases gastrointestinal mucous production thereby restoring protective mucous linings, applies beneficial antimicrobial pressures on pathogens in the microbiome, increases bile production (which improves fat metabolism), and assists in healing gastric ulcers.
In addition to all these amazing benefits the beneficial phytonutrients found in dandelion help purify the blood of pathogens while also reducing inflammation and healing blood vessel epithelial linings. Dandelion also boosts fat metabolism, improves blood cholesterol parameters, and reduces unwanted platelet aggregation which improves energy and oxygen transport throughout the body. Dandelion also aids the autophagy process by inducing unhealthy cells to undergo apoptosis while protecting healthy cells.
Dandelion can be wild harvested or purchased from my favorite supplier of herbs Mountain Rose Herbs.
For use in an herbal tea steep dandelion root for 5-15 minutes with boiling water.
Chamomile for Gut Health and Fasting
Like dandelion chamomile is also a very well-known and widely used herb worldwide. There are multiple types of chamomile and even though their chemical composition differs they all generally have the same health benefits. Chamomile is a digestive aid, calms the nervous system, and improves cardiovascular health.
Chamomile is one of the best herbs for fasting and gut health because it improves gut motility, applies a gentle antimicrobial pressure to the microbiome, and increase gastrointestinal mucous production. Chamomile improves blood cholesterol levels, reduces excessive platelet aggregation, and normalizes blood sugar levels. Chamomile notably is very calming and increases the parasympathetic activity of the nervous system, which aids in relaxing and also improves digestion. Balancing the activity of the autonomic nervous system is foundational to good health. Sometimes during a fast energy levels can dip and become volatile, and chamomile tea helps normalize metabolism and promotes relaxation which smooths out the energy volatility that otherwise might have been experienced.
Chamomile and dandelion are very similar in their herbal uses, and together mixed in a 1:1 ratio they make a fantastic herbal tea which is useful for general health and wellness but also specifically for gut health and fasting.
Chamomile can be wild harvested or purchased from my favorite supplier of herbs Mountain Rose Herbs.
For use in an herbal tea steep chamomile flowers for 5-15 minutes with boiling water.
Green Tea for Gut Health and Fasting
Green tea is in many ways is a perfect fasting aid because it increases fat oxidation and raises energy levels while also having a calming influence through its natural L-theanine content (an amino acid). Green tea polyphenols are also potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatories which help heal the epithelial linings of the gut.
I have already written about green tea fasting so I encourage you to read my article on it which goes in depth.
Many different types of green tea can be purchased from Mountain Rose Herbs and Pique Tea, or in a supplemental form from Nootropics Depot. Learn more about the herbal uses of green tea.
Herbal Tea Blends for Fasting and Gut Health
Combing herbal teas and fasting is the most powerful way to heal the gut and therefore completely revitalize your health and wellness. Healing the gut will aid in fat loss and boost metabolism, improve mental health, reduce inflammatory skin conditions, reduce/eliminate autoimmune issues as well as food intolerances and food allergies, and reduce stress on the immune system.
My favorite herbal tea for use during fasting but also for keeping the gut healthy in general is a 1:1 blend of dandelion root and chamomile flowers. Green tea is also an excellent fasting and gut health aid. While fasting is extremely powerful in healing the gut, fasting cannot be done forever and at some point calories are required to survive. The benefit of fasting with herbal teas is that once the fast is complete the herbal teas can continued to be used in order to extend the gut healing benefits out beyond the fast (and even to the next fast) and to help with the digestion of the healthier food that is now being eating which further aids in the shifting of the microbiome from pathogenic to symbiotic.
There are other herbs which improve digestion like ashwagandha, chaga mushroom, and reishi mushroom and all of these herbs can be used independently or mixed together into a blend for use during fasting. I’d also be remiss to not make a note of the powerful gut health benefits of black pepper and its main active ingredient piperine.
I hope you found the information in this article on how to use herbal teas and fasting together to improve gut health useful, and if you really want to heal your gut then I recommend you continue your gut health and wellness education by purchasing the Holistic Gut Health Guide. Use the code HERBALFASTING10 for 10% off at checkout, and best of luck!
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
Other Herbs Useful for Gut Health and Fasting
How to Cleanse the Microbiome
The microbiome is a collection of microorganisms that exist at the cellular level and are incredibly important to life. When the microbiome of a person or environment becomes out of balance and diseased, cleansing the microbiome restores health and proper symbiotic function. A one day microbiome cleanse is an efficient way to cleanse an internal and external microbiome all at once.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
For proper hygiene and health, it is good to occasionally cleanse the microbiome. The microbiome are all the microorganisms that live in the environment, on the body, and inside the body. The microbiome is incredibly important for life to exist, being life at a smaller scale, and when the microbiome becomes disorderly for best wellness it should be cleansed carefully.
The microbiome can be cleaned to a large degree in one day, and if you feel your microbiome requires a cleansing then set aside sufficient time to follow these steps. Each step has a point value, and at the end total up the points from each step you completed to see how rigorous your microbiome cleanse was, and how it can improve next time it’s done.
Full Skin Microbiome Clean
Step One | 1 Hour | 10 points
There are a few ways to clean the skin. The most common methods are with a shower or bath. If a natural pool of water is available, a scrub-down there qualifies. If dry sand or clay is available, or a rough dry towel, a dry scrub also qualifies. A hot sauna or steam room followed by a shower and/or toweling off is another excellent way to cleanse the skin.
Each way of cleaning the skin and its microbiome will be different in effect. It’s good to clean the skin in a variety of ways at different frequencies.
Here is a typical way to proceed with a full skin microbiome cleanse:
Run a shower with warm water
Blow the nose out and wash the face with soap
Lather the hair with a natural shampoo (I mix aloe vera gel, liquid soap, and tea tree oil)
Scrub the full body and all parts with soap
Rinse the head using your fingers, massage the scalp
Dry towel off and vigorously scrub the skin of any imperfections
Apply aloe vera and essential oils to any location that could use some healing
Q-tip the ears
Consider using an agent like bentonite clay to help. Bentonite clay can be added to bath water, or it can made into a mud and applied to the face or anywhere on the skin. As the clay dries it will pull together and tighten the skin it’s on. Bentonite clay can be made into a mud with water or a dilution of apple cider vinegar.
BONUS | Sauna 10-20 minutes | 5 points
Perform heat/cold therapy by alternating using a sauna and/or steam room with a cold shower or cold plunge. 10 minutes in the sauna followed by a 5 minute cold shower done twice is my standard way to performing heat/cold therapy.
Heat/Cold Therapy Benefits
Acutely stresses the circulatory system and increases its performance
Flushes toxins and excess electrolytes from the skin via sweat
Activates heat and cold shock proteins which exert anti-inflammatory and longevity effects
Strengthens the metabolism and energy systems of the body
Note - Be careful performing heat therapy if you have low blood pressure.
Wash Mouth
Step Two | 10 Minutes | 5 points
Scrap the tongue of biofilm and flush away. Brush teeth with a natural toothpaste containing ingredients like peppermint oil, bentonite clay, silica, baking soda. Floss in-between teeth and finish with a gargle of lightly salted water.
Wash All Clothes
Step Three | 1 Hour | 5 points
In-between the various tasks of the day wash all dirty clothes. When interacting with the environment, whether this is with others or not, clothes will pick up and carry some of the microbiome encountered. Wearing clothes overtime exposes you to this microbiome. Washing clothes often and well is an important part of cleansing the microbiome because after the complete wash done in step 1, wearing clean clothes afterwards won’t reseed the microbiome of the past back onto your skin.
Cleansing the microbiome can be thought of as pulling the vines off a tree. Ivy or kudzu growing at the base of a tree climbs up with time becomes suffocating to the tree. Cutting the vines at the trunk and removing the roots of the vines at the base of the tree sever the connection between the heavy ivy at the top of the tree and the nutrients they need from the soil. The ivy up in the tree might stay green for a while, but eventually it will die off and the tree is cleaned of an burdensome influences. Cleansing the microbiome for optimal health is the same way.
The cycles of microbiome seeding from the environment and others can be cut off through actions like washing or fasting, and when this is done, the endogenous symbiotic microbiome that has existed in your body since birth can establish itself strongly.
A natural soap recipe that I use for washing clothes is as follows:
2 bars Fels-Naptha
1 1/2 cups baking soda
1 1/2 cups borax
Cut the Fels-Naptha and grind it into a powder with the borax and baking soda. Scoop into a laundry machine as normal.
Reset The Air
Step Four | 1 Hour to 1 Day | 10 Points
Though in very low percentages, microorganisms live and float in the air. If the air in the living space is “thick” and hasn’t been aired out recently, then it will carry more microbiome and viruses than it could otherwise. Bringing fresh air from nature into the environment will cleanse the microbiome of the air. Smudging with sage also will clean air of microorganisms.
Open all windows for at least 1 hour, better would be for all day
Dust the area
Remove any air polluters. This could include trash, food waste, unclean bathrooms, a litter box, etc.
Clean and/or replace air filters
Grow plants in the living space, they naturally purify air over time
Clean the Living Space
Step Five | Time Variable | 15 points
Cleaning the living space, especially the kitchen and bathroom, is a very important way of cleansing the microbiome. Food contains a rich microbiome that originated in its home environment, and the bathroom contains the output microbiome from that food after being processed by the body. Wiping surfaces clean of all marks, discolorations, and gunk will ensure that any microbiome that lives on those surfaces will be extremely minimal as there will be no large food source available nearby.
Cleaning a Bathroom
Scrub a toilet clean with a cup of borax, flush and then clean the bowl again with a natural soap like Dr. Bronner’s.
Wipe all surfaces with a natural cleaner like white vinegar, a dilute soap, baking soda, or borax.
Clean mirror with a rag and disinfectant so no visible marks exist on the mirror’s surface
Clean the bowl of the bathroom sink
Scrub the floor and shower/bathtub with baking soda, borax, or bleach.
Cleaning a Kitchen
Remove all unused food from the refrigerator, wipe all surfaces clean
Clean all kitchen counters
Remove all food from the pantry causes gastrointestinal issues
Sweep the floor
Note - If caustic chemicals are used, wear the appropriate safety gear to stay protected.
Fasting
Step Six | 24 hours | 20 Points
Not eating any food will apply an evolutionary pressure on the internal microbiome causing all microorganisms that cannot subsist without immediately available energy to die. Symbiotic gut microorganisms that are hardy and are comfortable slowly digesting fiber, protein, and tough plant matter for energy will survive a 24 hour fast, and after the refeed meal they will repopulate the gut in greater numbers improving digestion of food in the future. A 24 hour fast is best scheduled from dinner to dinner. The last dinner eaten before a fast should contain ample fiber, protein, fats, and greens.
Example pre 24 hour fast dinner:
Roasted butternut squash or sweet potato
Serving of protein (like tempeh, wild cooked fish, grass fed meat)
Salad or sautéed vegetables (like swiss chard, garlic, onions)
1 cup of kombucha
If dinner is eaten at 6 pm, then waking up at 8 am the following morning means 14 hours of fasting is already complete!
Drinking herbal teas throughout the fast will increase the rate of healing for the tissues of the gut and apply more pressure to the microbiome to symbiotically adapt.
Peppermint tea is a wonderful digestive aid that helps with all manner of gastrointestinal issues from gas and bloating to IBS and food intolerances.
Green tea increases metabolism and contains potent antioxidant chemicals known as catechins. These green tea polyphenols are rapidly absorbed by the tissues of the gut and react with free radicals, reducing inflammation.
Gut supplements can also be taken with a fast to increase it’s efficacy. Piperine is derived from black pepper and it’s a cure-all for the digestive system, increasing mucus and acid production while neutralizing free radicals. Piperine also normalizes gut motility and has antimicrobial properties.
Herbal supplement blends consisting or oregano oil, wormwood, clove, and black walnut hull together are a gentle yet potent antimicrobial that if used over time removes parasites from the body. The easiest way to supplement with these four herbs together is by using the premade supplement SCRAM. Follow the dosing instructions on the bottle for full effect, but in the context of a one day microbiome cleanse, 10 pills taken at once with water or tea will be effective.
Stay well hydrated and break the fast with the same meal that was eaten 24 hours prior. Resume normal dietary practices afterwards, or if the digestive system is in need of a greater therapeutic healing, follow a foodfasting protocol.
If the fast cannot be successfully completed due to low energy midway through, then their are two options. A nutrient dense snack like pumpkin seeds can be eaten until energy levels return to normal, or if more energy is required, the fast can be broken immediately with the dinner originally planned.
Snacking on pumpkin seeds during a fast is an excellent option because they contain important nutrients like iron, zinc, magnesium, healthy fats, protein, and fiber. Pumpkin seeds are digested easily and are antimicrobial and anti-parasitic as well.
The One Day Microbiome Cleanse
Calculate your microbiome cleansing score using the chart below:
0 - 10 points | Mini microbiome cleaning 👅
10 - 30 points | Microbiome improvements were made 🧼
30 - 50 points | New microbiome environment established 🧹
50 - 70 points | Complete microbiome cleanse ✨
If you did all of the steps above including the heat/cold therapy bonus then congratulations, you were successful in successfully cleansing your internal and external microbiome! With less pathogens in the environment your health and wellness should improve.
There exists a strong connection between the microbiome and behavior of a person. Performing a microbiome cleanse is another way of cleansing the energy of a space and purifying your internal energy. While performing the cleanse grow and foster positive thoughts that encourage joy, happiness, compassion, faith, confidence, and success. Use a one day microbiome cleanse as a way to cultivate wellness and hygiene habits that keep you and others healthy and safe. Life is continuously changing, so having an occasional microbiome cleanse day is a great way to keep the vines off the tree 😉
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
Microbiome and Behavior
There is a bidirectional connection between the microbiome and food behaviors. An unhealthy pathogenic microbiome can feed itself through behavioral patterning of its host, and a healthy symbiotic microbome can likewise encourage beneficial feeding behaviors for itself and its host. The state of the microbiome determines whether you have crave healthy or junk foods. Fasting can reset this system.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
If I may usurp the microbiome throne, I would bring attention to the profound effect toggling nutrients on/off has on the human microbiome. A microbiome is a characteristic microbial community which lives in a reasonably well-defined habitat with distinct physio-chemical properties (1). Without an influx of nutrients, microbiomes cannot exist.
Fasting, this is refraining from all nutrition besides water for a length of time, is capable of completly reversing gut dsybiosis and restoring proper digestive function. Fasting is our normal physiological state in-between feeding, and the longer you go without nutrition in any form, the more pronounced effects from fasting you feel. For example the lining of the intestines, the epilithium, heals increadibly fast by up to 20% a day, when their is little-to-zero lumen in the gut.
The human body and mind require nutrition to function, and it is important for overall wellness to stay well fed with ample micronutrients, macronutrients, and other more exoctic compounds like phytonutrients. That said, solving gut dysbiosis solely through dietary and supplemental measures will be inefficient compared to methods which incorperate toggling nutrients on/off. To heal, the body requires it, and additionally microorganisms multiple increadibly fast, and can survive without nutrition themselves for some length of time. Those pathogens survive even longer if they have eroded away the muscus lining of the gut and establismed biofilms. A period of fasting can completely eliminate pathogens, biofilms, and parasites faster than it can completely eliminate the symbiotic microorganisms we want preserved. With a nutrient dense refeed schedule of the same length of the fast after the fast, no new pathogens will be introduced into the microbiome while the body reuptakes nutrients and symbionts establish new territory and multiple.
We know that their exists a bidirectional gut-brain connection wired by the nervous, blood, and endocannabinoid system. The microbiome can trigger the vagus nerve and cause behavior adjustements to the brain (2). Likewise the brain can choose which foods to eat which determine the composition of the microbiome. With a healthy microbiome, the triggering of the vagus nerve might manifest as a thought or feeling to eat vegetables or for something else you body is deficient in, such as fiber, fats, and micronutrients. When the microbiome is pathogenic, you might feel triggered to eat unhealthily, or perhaps you experience food cravings. With enough self-consciousness, it is possible to ignore this behavioral commands from the microbiome, which wants to be fed with what it wants most, and instead make an informed decision on what is best to do for your overall wellness. But when awareness is not present, then thoughts can turn into actions and be repeated into behaviors. To use a metaphor, a microbiome that triggers the brain for low nutrient quality food, has effectively compromised the central processing unit of a computer with a virus.
The most effective way to reset the gut-brain connection is to reset the digestive system. A 48-hour fast will eliminate nearly all pathogens, and with a proper refeed schedule, the microbiome can evolve to synergism. This work also requires behavioral resets, for long term gut health success cannot be had without addressing this aspect of the problem. During a fast, behavior can be reset to a more holisitic mindset as low-quality triggers are removed and replaced. For behavioral resetting, the refeed after a fast is critically important, as it is also in refeeding the body after a period of zero nutrient intake.
High calorie foods, fruits, and vegetables that are all gentle on the stomach are best. Avocados and coconut are excellent in being very nutrient dense, while fruits and vegetables provide many micronutrients in addition to paired carbs and fibers. The refeed schedule should be as long as the fast that is undertaken, with an understanding that the longer the fast the more impressive the results will likely be but all the more important it is to follow a proper refeed.
With willpower and following precise instructions, the well-grooved signals from the vagus nerve firing for junk food can be easily ignored, as new more beneficial pathways between the brain and symbionic microbiome develop. Reseting behaviors and creating new habits requires time, and any loose signals from pathogens which slip through successfully could led to the feeding they require for survival. The trick in eliminating gut dsybiosis is to make sure you understand the human mind and behavior. Just as important as the gut health protocol being followed is the behavioral protocol that needs to be assigned.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Fasting provides a neat set of instructions that gastroenterologists can issue to their patients, given proper safeties in place. As an example, if the patient is overweight, then fasting will switch the body to buring bodyfat, which may or may not contain stored toxins which will stress the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Fasting and autophagy (cellular cleanup) has been used to completely reverse auto-immune conditions, lower cholesterol and blood pressure, help patients suffering from neurological conditions such as narcolepsy, and is protective against chemotherapy treatment. Once the main systems of the body are in well-enough shape and/or controls are in place, then fasting can be prescribed clinically for people with gut-dsybiosis. Knowing the patient’s wellness situation is of utmost important before triggering such a big metabolic switch. Some questions asked may be uncomfortable, but knowing exactly what gut dsybiosis symptioms they are experiencing can be used to design the fasting and refeeding protocol. Diarrhea has to be treated differently than constipation. Mental health issues, inflammation, skin issues can all be linked to gut health issues. Bloating and gas are also signs that a patient has a microbiome dsybiosis.
Fasting removes all nutrients from the digestive system, with existing food/lumen typically emptying out completely after 48-72 hours. As the digestive system empties, the stress of digestion decreases and eventually all the organs which are involved in the digestive process can switch gears to cellular repair and regeneration. This regeneration process happens most meaningly during a fast of extended duration, with consistent intermittent fasting, or consistent OMAD (one meal a day, 24 hour fasting).
Typically after 2 days, the body switches ketogenic and bodyfat begins to be burned for energy exclusively. If toxins are stored in the bodyfat, then flu-like symptoms may be experienced, as known as keto-flu. Someone who is overweight, inactive, and with gut dsybiosis is likely to experience this, and should come prepared. There are certain herbal remedies which can increase the efficacy of a fast and also mitigate any negative symptoms experienced.
Green tea increases fat oxidation, levels out the brain into alpha wave lengths, and is rich in plant polyphenol antioxidants which aid in the repairing of the gut (3, 4, 5, 6).
Milk thisle flavonoids known as Silymarin support liver function by maintaining protective glutathione levels (7).
Turmeric curcuminoids and other turmeric compounds it possesses are rapidily taken up by the gut and are powerful antioxidant healers and more important powerfully anti-inflammatory (8, 9)
Sulforaphane has these functions too, being a powerful anti-inflammatory derived from cruciferous vegetables, targeting the bloodstream better than turmeric, improving immune functon throughout the body (10)
Papaya enzymes can aid in digesting food, especially for the first few refeed meals after a fast when the microbiome is still newly reshaped and growing.
Wormwood, clove, black walnut hull, and oregano oil are natural adaptogenic antimicrobials, killing pathogens and parasites while being gentle on symbiotic microorganisms.
Natural herbs like these can be used to assist in the evolving of the microbiome and behavioral transition from low-quality to high-quality vagus nerve triggers. The microbiome will always be able to influence the mind of its host, but it can be done symbiotically and cooperatively.
Beneficial behaviors need to be established to ensure minimal to zero gut-health issues continuing forward. Additionally, A well-rounded diet of fats, carbs + fibers, protein, and diverse micronutrients, from relatively unprocessed superior quality sources (organic, non-gmo, pasture-raised) will ensure the gut functions normally, and therefore all nutrients the body and mind receive henceforth are of the highest bioavailibilty. “You are what you eat”, and this truth has not changed.
The mind and body cannot function to their maximum possible potential when low-quality nutrients are being received, the culprit of which is behavior. Low-quality behavioral food patterns people have existed and relied on for years now can be difficult to reset. In this instance, a longer month-long period consiting of many shorter fasts, or a single long fast, can be successfull in repatterning behavior. A single long fast of seven days is shorter in total duration than a month from a patterning standpoint, but more difficult to execute safely and to the benefit of the patient. A month long period of intermittent fasting with 48 hour fasts once a week will be similarily effective in repatterning, but possibly be harder to execute as willpower drains over time.
In either setting, if the patient sticks to the protocol 80% effective and no medical emergency is encountered, then success will have been made in evolving the microbiome and repatterning food behaviors. The more precisely followed the fasting and refeeding schedules, the more effective the strategies will be. Conscious awareness of the gut must developed by the patient for long-term success, and it is the hope that a strict fasting/refeeding schedule, plus keeping a daily digestive system journal, establishes this long term gut-microbiome-wellness consciousness. Cannabis usage can assist with this, and when CBD dominant flower is dry-vaporized, it also calms inflammation in the gut (11), inflammation being a key ingredient in developing a systemic disease such as an auto-immune condition (12), heart-disease, or cancer. Most diseases begin in the gut.
Once gut consciousness is developed, then whatever further tools/protocols the patient has experienced and knows to work will be willingly reused to further improve the situation. Stabilizing the mind during the day (feeding hours) to alpha brainwaves from the L-theanine in green tea makes resetting food behaviors easier to accomplish as the brain is functioning at a higher cognitive level. When having green tea consitnetly for this purpose and its other benefits, it is then important to be mindful of the effects caffeine has on the body and circadian rhythm. Lastly alcohol is to be completely avoiding during any gut healing endeavor. Alcohol kills microorganisms indiscriminately, stresses the liver, and throws metabolism into haywire. Alcohol is not good for wellness and will not help the patient establish a healthy symbiotic microbiome.
With this information and theory now laid out, we will now establish the framework in more specific actionable details. Let’s start with a simple 48 hour fast and refeed schedule.
48-Hour Fast and Refeed Instructions:
Schedule
Day Zero - 3 meals, fast begins (after dinner)
The last meal eaten will be dinner, with no food happening after 6 pm. The meal can be what the patient decides, but with an emphasis on being healthy. Two servings of squash (~300 grams) will be included with this meal and is the last thing to be eaten, all together.
1 gallon (4 liters) of filtered water will be spread out and consumed daily. 16 oz before bed and immediately after waking are a good place to start.
At 6 pm day 0, the digestive system of the body is filled completely up. If the patient had 3 meals that day, then their stomach, small intestine, and large intestine will all contain food, lumen, and partly individualistic microbiomes. By 9 pm, the stomach is now empty and begining to repair from the stress of digestion. After sleeping a full eight hours, by 8 am the patient is now 14 hours into the 48 hour fast. A 16 hour intermittent faster would refeed at 10 am with this schedule.
Day One - Fasting, 1 gallon water
With a 48 hour fast, no food is eaten though at this 16 hour mark. Instead, a cup of green tea can be had anytime in the morning, from 6 am to 10 am. This is determined by every individuals unique circadian rhythm. The green tea assists the healing process in the stomach and also the small intestine as food moves out of there. Green tea also provides clarity of thought through alpha eave generation. If well-fed on day 0, day 1 of a fast is typically easy to achieve and of high energy. If feeding on day 0 was sporactic and lacking nutrients, then day 1 will be harder as the dysbiotic microbiome begins triggers the gut-brain connection for nutrients of any quality.
By 6 pm day 1, 24 hours have elapsed, and when performing a short 24 hour fast to control food cravings, you would refeed here. This is known as OMAD, or one meal a day. As night settles in, energy demands decrease, and with a little extra willpower, it is not difficult to begin getting ready for sleep and go to sleep without eating.
Day Two - Fasting plus first refeed meal (dinner)
After another 8 hours of restful sleep, by 8 am on day two 38 hours of fasting have been completed. With zero food intake, the brain has begun its own cellular cleanup, pruning synapses associated with the low-quality behaviors we’re selecting against. 10 more hours o no food and just water takes the patient to their first refeed meal.
By 8 am day 2, one or more bowel movements will have occured since the start of the fast, and now the stomach and small intestine are completely emptied of lumen. The large intestine may or may not have fully emplied yet depending on the patients gut motility. Another cup of green tea has the same helpful benefits as before on day 1, and now also sulforaphane and milk thistle can be added for liver and blood support. A dsybiotic gut typically has weak tight-junctions, and therefore inflammatory particles and microorganisms can slip into the blood stream, causing a base-load immune response.
Energy and behavioral volatility may be experienced during the final 10 hours of the fast from 8 am to 6 pm. Ensuring the patient has a low-stress easy routine set for the duration of the 48 hour fast helps the patient stay on-track and safe with their fasting schedule. Walking helps to energize the body and stablize energy levels, while some downtime focused on simple mental activities like meditation, writing, reading, or watching educational content are easy to pass the time with, requiring little calories. For fasting to be maximally successful and safe for resetting the digestive system and gut dysbiosis, these lifestyle factors need to be communicated to the patient and understood for their importance. Heavy exercise is best avoided during a fast, though certain types of yoga are fine, like yin yoga.
At 6 pm of day 2, the first refeed dinner is eaten. The food ingredients for the breakfast, lunch, and dinner refeed meals are below. This refeed dinner is light and easy to digest, easing the digestive system back into work and reestablishing a more productive symbiotic microbiome. Papaya enzyme is used here to help break down the food. Eating small bites and chewing each bite thoroughly will reduce food particle size and therefore reduce the demands on the microbiome to process the nutrients down into sizes that can pass into the bloodstream. No food after the dinner refeed, just water if thirsty.
Day Three - Refeed
The 48 hour fast has been broken by the first dinner refeed meal, but this meal also marks the beginning of a 16 hour fast, from dinner to brunch. This intermittent fast will make it very clear to the patient how they respond to the dinner they ate since their will be no food before or after it for 16 hours. Intermittent fasts are benifically healthy in numerous ways (13).
From 10 am to 12 pm the patient can refeed with either a large breakfast or lunch. This meal will be the primary caloric replenishing meal for the patient after the fast, as the first refeed dinner was small in order to ease the patient back into digestion.
After brunch, no snacks are consumed other than some nuts or pumpkin seeds. Pumpkin seeds are calorically dense with healthy fats, contain appreciable fiber and protein, and are high in commonly deficient minerals. Pumpkin seeds are also good at killing parasites.
1 gallon of filtered water is consumed evenly throughout the day.
At 6 pm the second refeed dinner is eaten. This meal is the same as it was on day 2 just larger in volume. No food is consumed after dinner.
Day Four - Refeed
Now the patient can decide to resume a 3 times a day eating schedule (breakfast, lunch, dinner) or a 2 meals a day feeding structure, breakfast + dinner or lunch + dinner being the most common. If the 2 meal structure is preferred, then day three can be repeated. For the purpose of this guide, we will guide the patient back to a 3 meal food schedule.
At 8 am a refeed breakfast is eaten, with no snacking in-between breakfast and lunch.
At 12 pm a refeed lunch is eaten, with some snacking of nuts or pumpkin seeds allowed in-between lunch and dinner.
1 gallon of filtered water is consumed evenly throughout the day.
At 6 pm the final refeed dinner is eaten, and then the patient can begin making their own food choices hopefully guided by increased gut-health consciousness and better behaviors. If following a month long plan, then this 3 meals a day or intermittent fasting schedule focusing on food quality and no food alergens is followed until the next 48 hour fast, one week later.
In this way, after multiple repititions, the microbiome will have been sufficiently reset to symbiosis, the brain will have pruned bad synapses, and food behaviors will have been changed. Within this framework is the task of making sure the patient consumes enough calories and required macro and micronutrients over the entire duration of the digestive reset. If the patient is carrying excess bodyfat, then the caloric concern is not as warranted, but stored toxins in the bodyfat, and the potential flu-like symptoms that might be encountered during detoxifying must be considered clinically.
By the end of the full month, or even just after a single four day bout, especially if journaling all aspects of gut health, symptoms, experiences, feelings, and thoughts was done, the patient will now be much more cognisant and mindful of their gut health, diet, mental state, and how they are all connected. Journaling for 1-2 months is typically successful in identifying any food intolerances or allergies they might have without the need for an elimination diet. For patients with these or suspected having these issues, intermittent fasting is more effective in intolerance/allergy diagnosis than a 3 meals a day schedule, as there will be less blurring of the effects between different meals.
Refeed Meals
Dinner
10.5 oz (300 grams) squash (butternut, zucchini) lightly roasted
2 oz (55 g) of raw mixed salad greens and/or spinach. No additions or dressing
1 large avocado
3 oz (85 g) Cassava chips
Notes: The first refeed meal on day 2 will be half the amounts above. Avocado and cassava chips are eaten first providing the body with much needed fats and elecrolytes. After 48 hours of fasting the body will now be ketogenic so the fats from the avocado will be processed efficiently. The carbs from the cassava chips will begin shifting the body back out of ketosis gently. Next the bulk of the meal is eaten, which is squash. Zucchini and butternet squash contain good fiber, helping to scrub the intestines clean, and is a natural food source for symbioic microorganisms which otherwise might exist in nature on the vegetable itself or in the soil. Eaten last are the salad greens, containing ample water-soluable micronutrients as well as fiber and protein. Food timing is important.
Note: Buying all organic non-gmo foods is important for the refeeding process. Whoever undergoes this fasting schedule is not just refeeding themselves with food but also the makings of a new microbiome. The patient is best served consuming the lowest amounts of pesticides possible and food grown from healthy soil. Washing fruits and vegetables with a baking soda rinse helps to remove pesticide residues. Organic food from a farmer’s market is ideal and still cost-effective.
Lunch
1 orange
1 cup of cooked brown rice
Protein - Either 4 oz (114 g) of mushrooms, beans, or fish protein. No beef, poultry, or pork.
1 oz (28 g) of a fermented food like kimchi, pickles, sauerkraut, kombucha, or others.
2 oz (55 g) of raw mixed salad greens and/or spinach. Olive oil and soy sauce can be added as a dressing.
Notes: The orance is eaten first in order to grow the microbiome, improving its ability to digest the incoming meal. Then the rice, protein, and fermented food is eaten. The salad is eaten last. Chopsticks are best used for this meal, as it forces smaller bites to be taken and lengthens the time it takes to complete the meal, improving digestion. Raw unpasteurized nuts or pumpkin seeds can be snacked on to satiety after this meal through to dinner, also contributing their microbiome communities to the symbiotic one you are establishing in your gut.
Breakfast
2-3 large pasture-raised eggs
1 potato (homefries, hashbrowns, baked), using butter or avocado/olive oil. Ketchup may be used.
Fruits or a fruit smoothie (1 orange, 1 banana, 1 lemon, 10-15 strawberries).
Notes: For vegans, the eggs can be replaced with mushrooms, beans, or lentils. The strawberries can also be used with or replaced by other berries like blueberries. Organic strawberries have signifigantly less pesticides and are the recommended purchase. The potato contains resistant starch, carbs, and many micronutrients. These 3 foods can be eaten simultaneously and will provide a very solid base of nutrition and energy for many hours. Eat to satiation but don’t stuff your stomach till you’re unconfortably full. Listen to your body and stop eating when appropriate. Therefore these recommended amounts of foods are variable based on individual needs and wellness preferences.
Supplemental Help (natural herbs)
For the herbs prescribed above, here is the dosage information and high-quality sources you can purchase. Not all these need to be used, though at a minimum the green tea is highly recommended as it makes fasting signifigantly easier.
1-2 cups a day inbetween 8 am and 4 pm.
200-300 mg Silymarin daily, taken with lunch.
1-2 servings of papaya enzymes, taken with dinner. Can be taken with other meals too if desired.
2-3 grams of turmeric powder, with or without standardized curcuminoids. Taken with breakfast or incorperated in food (avocado is a good choice, the fats present improving the bioavailibility of the curcuminoids).
50 - 100 mg a day, taken with lunch. Easy sources include brocolli sprouts, cabbage, or in supplemental form.
Wormwood, Clove, Black Walnut Hull
5-15 pills of SCRAM taken after dinner
300-400 mg taken after dinner.
In the context of a 48 hour fast and 2 day refeed, these herbal supplements are fine to take and will improve outcomes, but should not be taken daily forever. For a gut flareup, SCRAM, oregano oil, and turmeric work well. Papaya enzymes can be used to help food digestion. Sulforaphane is a powerful anti-inflammatory which can be used for any reason (gut flareup, headache, viral infection, injury). Milk thistle should only be used when placing the liver under stressful conditions (drinking alcohol, fasting if overweight/obese, prescription or commercial drug use).
4 Days to Success
With this theory of the digestive system, microbiome, behaviors, and neurology established, it is easy to understand the power of fasting in reversing gut dsybiosis. Fasting intelligently prescribed toggles the nutrient on/off master switch, from which cascades a series of important biological events such as autophagy, ketosis, and synaptic pruning. Once this reality of health is experienced and understood by the patient, then they have a powerful tool they can use to favorably alter their gut health at any point in the future given certain safety precautions best discussed with their primary care physician. Sometimes a 16 hour fast is all that is needed, other times longer duration fasts are more effective in healing the digestive system and guiding the microbiome to a more symbiotic state.
Our health is our responsibility, and it is up to us to make the most important health desicions there are to make. If you have a suspecicion that something is wrong with your gut, then you’re probably right. Normal gut function is 1-2 regular wipeless poops a day with no gas or bloating. Yes that is possible. No one can do for you what you need to do to establish a healthy digestive system, but clinicians, doctors, and natural health practitioners can guide you along the way. When not in a state of dire need, natural alternatives are safer than prescription drugs and much more gentle on the detoxifying organs of the body.
Fasting is one of the master switches for wellness, and much care must be taken when undergoing any fasting technique. If at any point blood sugar drops dangeously low and the patient feels dizzy, stablilize by sitting down and consume the refeed diner asap, no matter the time. It takes practice to improve your ability to fast without nutrients for extended periods of time, this is especially true for increase fat oxidation and metabolism. Once stabalized and healthy a few days later, the 48 hour fast can be attempted again, hopefully more successfully. The average 1st world citizen has never gone without food for more than 24 hours, and while the biology of the human body can go without food potentially for months, it is best to take the exploration of fasting for health cautiously and patiently. Green tea fasting is highly recommended as it increases the odds of success by aiding in the gut healing process, altering brain wave activity, and increasing fat oxidation.
The tea I use for my green tea fasts, from intermittent to 72+ hours, is Pique Tea. Pique Tea uses cold brew extracted green tea leaf products from pesticide-free sources for maximum potenency (antioxidant capability, polyphenols) and reduced risk of chemical exposure. They sell green tea blends specifically for fasting, of which I prefer their matcha and ginger Green Tea Power Bundle, as well as a variety of other green teas, herbal teas, and immune support products. If you use the coupon code WILDFREEORGANIC, you’ll receive 5% off your order and help support Wild Free Organic in funding operations. Amazon referral links also help support Wild Free Organic.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
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Aggarwal BB, Yuan W, Li S, Gupta SC. Curcumin-free turmeric exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities: Identification of novel components of turmeric. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013;57(9):1529-1542.
Guerrero-Beltrán CE, Calderón-Oliver M, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Chirino YI. Protective effect of sulforaphane against oxidative stress: Recent advances. Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology. 2012;64(5):503-508.
Goyal H, Singla U, Gupta U, May E. Role of cannabis in digestive disorders: European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2017;29(2):135-143.
De Luca F, Shoenfeld Y. The microbiome in autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Immunol. 2019;195(1):74-85.
Mattson MP, Longo VD, Harvie M. Impact of intermittent fasting on health and disease processes. Ageing Research Reviews. 2017;39:46-58.
Green Tea Fasting
Green tea fasting burns body fat, heals the gut, balances the microbiome, and lowers bodily inflammation. Fasting is the best way to activate autophagy and undergo a cellular deep cleaning, and drinking green tea during a fast ramps up autophagic processes even more. Learn about green tea fasting with this complete guide.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Fasting and drinking green tea pair together exceptionally well. Fasting (aka not eating food) activates the protective healing state of autophagy throughout the body, increasing cellular breakdown of old and dying cell while simultaneously repairing cellular structures and creating the conditions for the growth of new healthy cells. Activating autophagy is a key step in healing from many illness and diseases.
Meanwhile green tea decreases appetite while increasing fat metabolism. Simultaneously green tea fasting burns body fat, heals the gut, resets the microbiome, and lowers inflammation throughout the body. Drinking green tea while fasting is a very effective way to synergize the health effects of both for maximum healing and restorative potential.
In this article I discuss the health benefits of fasting and green tea independently, the science of how each works, how they can be combined together for maximum effect, and my experience in performing a 48 hour green tea fast.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
What is Fasting?
Fasting is abstinence from food and drinks. Most fasting is done wet, whereas dry fasting is done without even drinking water. In the absence of nutrients from food, fasting triggers a large metabolic shift, dramatically increasing fatty acid oxidation from body fat as muscle and liver glycogen becomes depleted, and after 48 to 72 hours ketones are produced to keep the brain running happily. In this catabolic zero-calorie state, fasting activates protective cellular mechanisms which safeguard lean body mass while preferentially burning visceral body fat (1). By mildly stressing the body via nutrient deprivation, fasting slows the process of aging, can heal chronic disease, and heals the digestive system (2) all because of the increased level of autophagy (3).
Autophagy is the cellular process in which unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components are removed and possibly recycled. Autophagy is always happening throughout the body, but during a fast it ramps up dramatically in scale and scope, akin to a deep spring cleaning. The protective cellular mechanisms of autophagy is one of the main reasons fasting has such powerful therapeutic effects on human metabolism, the immune system, disease, and healthspan.
Fasting can be done for various lengths of time and to different degrees of restriction. Fasting is most commonly practiced intermittently, on alternate days, or over longer durations. It is really important with fasting that adequate water is consumed everyday; 1 gallon a day being recommended. A lot of water that our body uses comes from the food we eat, so with the removal of food, if water intake is kept the same, then dehydration will occur.
While fasting only drink pure spring water or water that is filtered of all contaminates like chlorine and fluoride. Again the goal with fasting is to be extremely discretionary with the chemicals entering into the body, as every chemical has an impact on metabolism and will be used or filtered in some way.
Health Benefits of Green Tea
Green tea is a liquid beverage created from the leaves and leaf buds of Camellia sinensis, a small evergreen tree native to East Asia. Tea leaves can be processed differently to create green, black, yellow, white, oolong, and fermented teas. Green tea is made from tea leaves that haven’t undergone heavy oxidation like with black tea, and because of this the caffeine levels are lower in green tea and the polyphenol count is higher.
Freshly collected green tea leaves
Polyphenols are plant compounds that have many health benefits, and there are thousands of different types of polyphenols. In tea the dominant polyphenols are catechins, the most abundant being epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Other beneficial flavonoids such as quercetin are also present in green tea leaves. Green tea antioxidants like EGCG are anti-inflammatory and activate metabolism.
Green Tea Health Benefits:
Green tea can reduce belly fat (4)
Green tea can lower blood pressure (5)
Green tea can help with acne (6)
Green tea is good for skin (7)
Green tea can normalize blood glucose (8)
Acutely experiencing these health benefits from tea drinking is dose dependent, requiring quite a few cups to notice. Over time with consistent green tea consumption as part of a healthy diet, these health effects will holistically manifest.
Besides consistent usage, there are other strategies that can be employed to enjoy the health benefits of green tea more potently. First, using a high quality tea is paramount. Most green tea you buy at the store is heavily oxidized and contaminated with pesticides (11) which negates many of the health benefits you’d drink the tea for. Second, drinking green tea on an empty stomach or while fasting will ensure the green tea EGCG and other catechins won’t be buffered out and can strongly exert their anti-inflammatory effects on the digestive system, liver, kidneys, and throughout the body.
For green tea fasting you’ll want to use a high quality tea free of oxidation and contamination. When fasting and precisely limiting what enters into the body, using a fresh high quality green tea is all the more important. The fresher and more potent the green tea, the stronger the appetite suppression and fat burning effects experienced.
Green Tea Amplifies Fasting
Green tea works synergistically with fasting because it helps reduce appetite, increase fat oxidation, and increases energy expenditure (12). The caffeine, L-theanine, and catechins such as EGCG found in green tea blend to create a unique effect. The caffeine and catechins stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight response), which reduces appetite while increasing thermogenesis in the body. Green tea catechins lower ghrelin (13), a hunger hormone while increasing energy expenditure by up to 4% over a 24 hour period (14). Fat oxidation is also measurably increased by pairing caffeine and green tea catechins together (15). Fasting places the body into a catabolic state of autophagy and fat burning, and green tea amplifies this effect while also making the fast easier to adhere to by reducing appetite and hunger.
Fasting is a parasympathic activity which relaxes the body, whereas green tea activates the sympathetic nervous system which is stimulatory. This apparent mismatch is brought into harmony by L-theanine, an amino acid naturally found in green tea. L-theanine noticeably reduces stress and anxiety (16) and increases relaxation via stronger alpha brain wave activity (17, 18). It is for these reasons that green tea fasting is such a powerful therapeutic technique. The L-theanine is also what makes green tea a great meditation and sleep aid.
Green Tea for Gut Health
One of the main reasons to perform a green tea fast is to improve your gut health. Fasting heals the tissues of the gut and resets the immune system located there, and green tea boosts these effects thanks to its high concentrations of polyphenols. Polyphenols strengthen tight junctions (19), diversify the microbiome (20), and function as a digestive aid (21). Green tea polyphenols are responsible for these benefits, and through these cellular effects green tea can reduce bloating, constipation, IBS, leaky gut, and other gut maladies. Drinking a peppermint green tea blend is especially effective in helping to restore normal gut function during or outside of a fast.
Fasting can be used to reset the digestive system and microbiome, and green tea will amplify the effects of this by supporting healthy gut flora like Lactobacillus spp and Bifidobacterium spp while having antimicrobial effects on microorganisms considered harmful (22). A well diversified and balanced microbiome reduces bloating, calms the digestive system, and ensures good motility (aka regular bowel movements), factors which translate to real world benefits such as better energy and more stable emotional well being.
I have a lot of experience with fasting for digestive health and detoxing, and I wanted to see if adding green tea to a longer fast would synergistically aid the fasting process by:
Smoothing out the energy swings of fasting
Act as an appetite suppressant
Exerting anti-inflammatory gut healing and detoxifying effects
At the end of the article I share my experience performing a 2 day green tea fast, but before that let’s learn about the different types of fasting and how to choose a good green tea.
Types of Fasting
Many different fasting protocols exists, each having their own unique benefits. Shorter fasts are easier to complete than longer fast, and because they are shorter in duration their effect on health will be less than that of a longer fast. We’ll start with the easiest type of fast to complete, the 16 hour intermittent fast.
Intermittent Fasting
Intermittent fasting (IF) is a 16:8 protocol where on some schedule, typically everyday, fasting is done for 16 hours followed by an 8 hour window where eating is permitted. Intermittent fasting is a good protocol for improving body composition (23) as it can make sticking with a lower calorie diet easier while simultaneously improving nutrient partitioning. If resistance training, eating in a caloric surplus while intermittently fasting will improve build muscle, keep fat accumulation low, and optimize hormones.
Green tea intermittent fasting is one way to boost the metabolism while simultaneously helping to heal the digestive system. If starting an intermittent fast at 6 pm, the addition of green tea in the morning around 8 am further boosts fat oxidation and keeps appetite low until lunch time.
24 Hour Fasting
A 24 hour fast is eight hours longer than an intermittent fast, and in my experience is best scheduled from dinner to dinner. With the last meal before the fast at 6 PM, by 6 AM the next day the fast is already halfway completed. All the benefits of IF are observed with a 24 hour fast, with the added benefit that the digestive system has more time to heal before the next meal. When food is constantly being consumed, the gut is under stress to digest. Digesting food 24/7 and keeping the immune system on high alert for pathogenic organisms constantly allows for no time to rest and repair the digestive system. A twenty four hour fast is long enough for the digestive system to heal and partially regenerate up to 20% with new epithelial cells.
A 24 hour fast is a short enough time period that anyone can easily survive it with few if any complications, but 24 hours is a long enough period of time without nutrients for microorganisms. When the microbiome needs a quick reset and balance, fasting for 24 hours is an easy way to do so, and drinking green tea throughout makes it even easier.
A 24 hour fast is also a great experiment to perform if wondering how food cravings and physiological hunger differ in their psychological effects. A microbiome used to feeding on quick digesting junk food will release neurotransmitters causing food cravings once it begins to experience starvation. Except for rare situations, the human body easily carries enough bodyfat to stay energized for 24 hours without food, and therefore physiological hunger shouldn’t be experienced during that time window, so a 24 hour fast is a good way to learn how to identify and curb food cravings.
48 Hour Fasting
A 48 hour fast is two 24 hour fasts done back to back. A 48 hour fast isn’t much harder than a 24 hour fast and the reward is worth the extra effort. After about 36 to 48 hours liver glycogen becomes completed depleted and ketosis begins. Ketosis is a metabolic state that occurs in response to low glucose availability, such as during fasting or with a very low carbohydrate diet. During ketosis, ketones are produced from fat and used as an energy source for the brain. A 48 hour fast takes you right to the edge of ketosis and will better adapt the metabolism to the use of both dietary fat and body fat for energy which is highly desirable.
Without any food, from the 24 to 48 hour mark the microbiome will experience a significant die off. Pathogenic and commensal microbes which don’t work synergistically with their human host are most affected, whereas symbiotic microorganisms survive in greater numbers during this period of nutrient depletion. Upon re-feeding with healthy food, the microbiome with bounce back quickly, now containing a greater diversity and percentage of symbiotic microorganisms. 48 hours is also a longer time for the gut to be undisturbed with digestion, and more cellular healing can take place, up to 40%.
72 Hours or Longer Fasting
Longer periods of fasting like a 72 hour fast, seven day fast, and multi-week fasts all have their own unique benefits. A 72 hour fast will take you 1+ days into ketosis and body fat will begin to be used as the primary fuel source of the body.
It’s here that I must mention what may happen once body fat becomes a primary fuel source. One reason many people accumulate excess body fat is because they are ingesting too many environmental toxins from the food they eat, the water they drink, and the air they breathe. The body already being overly stressed from other lifestyle factors decides to delay the processing of these toxins by sequestering them in body fat. Though the toxins accumulated in body fat will slowly cause chronic health problems, their immediate effects aren’t experienced. When body fat begins to be burned due to fasting, if toxins have accumulated in this body fat due to lifestyle and environmental factors, then flu-like symptoms might be experienced as the toxins are processed and expelled from the body.
Because of this, depending on your state of health, fasting for longer than 48 hours can cause you to begin experiencing the effects of eliminating accumulated toxins from your body, leaving you temporarily feeling sick. While feeling sick is never fun, this is fundamentally a good thing because when locked in body fat these toxins can cause chronic health issues over time, and when processed during fasting, autophagy helps to mitigate the acute damage toxins cause during release and expulsion. If toxins have accumulated in the body, there is no easy way around the problem, fasting being the safest way possible to eliminate them from the body. If experiencing any odd flu-like symptoms during a longer fast, heat therapy like sauna usage will help to protect the body from the toxins being expelled from the body and hasten their exit.
A seven day fast will burn a lot of body fat, and if done safely, longer fasts are an excellent way to rapidly experience body recomposition and reduce the health risks from being overweight or obese. With a seven day fast, major organs of the body like the liver will be deep into autophagy cleaning up cellular damage, and the size of these organs will actually reduce. Upon refeeding, cellular proliferation in these tissues skyrockets from the replenishment of growth factors. A 72 hour fast will also trigger stem cell regeneration of an old damaged immune system (24), which has wide implications for the treatment of immune system disorders. With long fasts it is important to be especially mindful of how you feel and implement the necessary recovery practices as needed.
After having gone though a large detoxification process, it is very important to break a fast with high quality food free of chemical contaminants like dangerous pesticides.
How to Break a Fast
The length of the fast determines how mindful you should be of your first meal after the fast. I recommend breaking a fast with a small salad (zero dressing) with a side of lightly roasted squash like zucchini These vegetables will be easy on the stomach and feeds the microbiome in a helpful way. With a 24 hour dinner to dinner fast, after this meal you can have breakfast like normal the next day, or perhaps a small snack of pumpkin seeds or walnuts later in the night.
For a 48 hour fast, break the fast with the same salad and zucchini meal, and after 1-2 hours either have another light meal, having a healthy breakfast the next morning. A 72 hour fast can be broken the same as a 48 hour fast, and fasts longer than 3 days will require 1-3 days of mindful eating to ease the gut back into digestion. After the first refeed meal, drink 24-32 oz of water to flush the digestive system with liquid again and to prevent any possible dehydration post-fast.
As touched on, food quality is paramount, especially after a fast. Use every green tea fast as a catalyst to increase the overall quality of your diet. To reduce your exposure to chemicals and low nutrient quality foods, shop for the following:
Non-gmo and organic. Ideally biodynamically grown
Whole and unprocessed
Grass-fed, pasture raised (for meat and eggs)
Not packaged in plastic
These recommendations hold true for the green tea you’ll use during a green tea fast. Since most store bought green tea is of low quality, you want to nourish your body during a fast with only the best green tea.
Choosing the right Green Tea
The biggest recommendations I can give regarding green tea usage are as follows:
Be mindful of total caffeine intake. While green tea doesn’t contain as much caffeine as coffee (40-60 mg vs 100mg per cup), after a few cups of tea it does begin to add up. Caffeine is a stimulant and exerts changes on adenosine receptors in the brain and is best used responsibly. To learn more about caffeine read my Caffeine Usage and Tolerance Reset Guide.
Pesticide exposure. Tea is a very popular beverage, and most tea is grown the same way much of the world’s food supply is, with mass amounts of chemical pesticides. While green tea polyphenols help heal the gut and diversify the microbiome, pesticides like glyphosate do the opposite, degrading the barriers of the gut and killing the microbiome indiscriminately. It is important for this reason to only use high-quality tea grown without pesticides, which has the added benefit of supporting growers who use regenerative organic farming practices.
Oxidation. Depending on how tea is processed, distributed, and stored, the level of oxidation it has experienced can vary dramatically. Minced tea leaves in breathable tea bags which were exposed to variable temperatures and light end up at the store heavily oxidized. These tea products are also typically the most contaminated with pesticides too as the overall food quality standards followed are poor. Once green tea polyphenols become oxidized, they exert little to zero beneficial effects on the body.
Those usage recommendations narrow the selection of desirable green teas by a lot unfortunately. Most tea products available at a grocery store are of low quality.
Luckily there exist many different tea suppliers online who sell regenerative organic green tea free of pesticide exposure. My favorite supplier is Mountain Rose Herbs. Simply bring water to 170 F (75) and steep the green tea leaves for 5-8 minutes and enjoy a cup of perfection.
When time is short or hot water isn’t available then I recommend the use of cold-brew extracted tea crystals. Pique Tea sells green tea crystals in small convenient packets which easily dissolve into hot or cold water. Pique tea sources from regenerative organic green tea farmers throughout Asia to make their tea crystals.
Pique tea packets make sticking with a fast easier because if low energy, nausea, or a food craving hits, at home or on the go, it is very simple to mix a packet into a cup water and enjoy a flavorful zero-calorie beverage, mitigating the issue due to the unique health benefits of green tea.
Matcha Green Fasting Tea Review: 10/10
The matcha green tea has excellent flavor and can be enjoyed as soon as it is stirred in. The polyphenols in the matcha tea are very high, which is great for healing the digestive system, but big gulps can be slightly nauseating for some, so sip slowly.
Ingredients:
Proprietary green tea blend
Ceremonial grade matcha
Organic peppermint
Details:
Caffeine: 48 - 72 mg
Antioxidants: 294 - 441 mg
L-theanine: 27 - 40 mg
Ginger Green Fasting Tea Review: 10/10
The ginger green tea has a unique pleasant flavor thanks to the ginger and other ingredients. The ginger will soothe an upset stomach. The caffeine and L-theanine found in green tea makes it slightly energizing in a calm focused way.
Ingredients:
Proprietary green tea blend
Ginger, orange peel, lemon peel, licorice root, peppermint
Details:
Caffeine: 33 - 39 mg
Antioxidants: 218 - 327 mg
L-theanine: 15 - 23 mg
Use the coupon code WILDFREEORGANIC for 5% off at Pique Tea.
How to Brew tea
For hot tea, bring water to 170 F and either pour over tea leaves for steeping or stir in tea crystals. An easy way to know your water is at 170 F is when small bubbles begin to form at the bottom of the kettle. At 180 F steam begins to form. Using water hotter than 170 F (75 C) is more likely to make the green tea bitter in flavor. Steep for 5-8 minutes.
My Green Tea Fasting Experience
Doing a green tea fast was surprisingly easy. The first 48 hour fast I did as a vegetarian left me a little light headed at times. At the time I wasn’t eating enough fats from sources like avocado, dairy, and olive oil, and my protein intake was lower.
At the time of this 48 hour green tea fast, I was vegetarian already for 4 months. This time with the addition of green tea to the fast I didn’t run into any of the low blood sugar level problems from before. I made sure the last meal I had before the green tea fast contained plenty of fat and fiber, which certainly was a contributing factor to how easy this two day fast was. The last meal was nutrient dense and digested nicely for a long time. The addition of drinking green tea everyday also boosted my morning and afternoon energy levels by increasing usage of body fat for energy.
When fasting for longer there is sometimes a strong desire to eat food at the end of the first day. With this green tea fast I did I noticed this desire was eliminated. The addition of green tea helped to quell my appetite while increasing fat oxidation. It is my experience that when green tea fasting you are less likely to break a fast due to food cravings than if you had been fasting without green tea consumption.
Green Tea Fasting Journal
I started my fast at 7:30 pm after dinner. The meal you have before a fast is important in determining how your fast will play out, so it is very important to eat a healthy meal of unprocessed foods with plenty of satiating fiber and fat. My dinner was a grain bowl consisting of a bed of brown rice, black beans, quinoa, and tempeh, with roasted butternut squash, avocado, chia seeds, and a Lebanese garlic spread on top. In addition to the grain bowl I also had a small salad of homegrown kale and swiss chard drizzled with honey.
A grain and vegetable bowl is a good last meal to eat before starting a fast
Throughout the 48 hour fast my body was digesting the meal above from start to finish, and with no new food coming in, the digestive system and microbiome is encouraged to extract as much out of the meal as possible. If you were to eat a highly processed meal with acellular carbs before a fast (like spaghetti or bread), the fast will be much more difficult as the food will be completely digested much faster. Processed foods digest much faster and will cause greater swings in energy, which can lead to food cravings and unhealthy eating behaviors.
14 hours into my green tea fast (9:30 am) in the morning of the next day, I experienced a bit of stomach growling but no hunger. I brewed a hot cut of matcha that quieted my stomach down and boosted my energy.
20 hours into my fast (3:30 pm) I had yet to experience any energy swings. I had a cup of the ginger green fasting tea at 2:30 pm and everything remained calm and focused.
25 hours into the fast (8:30 pm) I was getting ready for bed and did some meditation beforehand. It was very easy to slip into a calm deep meditative state, and I attribute this to the green tea fasting.
34.5 hours into the green tea fast (6:00 am) I woke up. L-theanine in green tea has been found to improve sleep quality, and I certainly noticed this as I slept better than normal and woke up refreshed. Once up on day two everything felt good even after not eating for over 34 hours.
37 hours into my fast (8:30 am) I had a cup of passion fruit green tea which was delightful and kept my energy levels stable.
45 hours into my fast (4:30 pm) I went for a 3 mile walk which was of no difficulty. A couple hours earlier my energy had started to dip slightly, which I attribute to transitioning away from glucose metabolism to ketosis. By the end of my walk my normal energy levels had resumed, and while I didn’t have a ketosis test on hand to confirm I was in ketosis, having fasted many times I was confident that I was beginning to transition into ketosis.
48 hours after starting the green tea fast I consumed my refeed meal which was a small salad, butternut squash, and some mushroom pho with rice noodles. Once food hit my palate I became really hungry and after the meal pictured below I also had a few tablespoons of cashew, almond, and walnut nut butter. This fast was the easiest and most successful fast I have done to date, and I attribute this to the addition of high quality green tea.
Here is the meal I broke the 48 hour green tea fast with. Mushroom pho, a mixed green salad, and butternut squash
9.5 hours after breaking the green tea fast I woke up with a slight headache, went back to sleep, and when I woke up again later the headache was still lingering. I attribute the headache to two things. First, I did not drink enough water on day 2, and after breaking my fast with a too salty bowl of mushroom pho (which is what made it sooo good), the salt dehydrated me further. I should have consumed on day two before and after the refeed meal. Second, transitioning from carbs to ketosis to carb-based metabolism all in 12 hours might have caused some energy metabolism difficulties for my brain. If I could go back I would have eliminated the carbohydrate-rich mushroom pho from the refeed meal and saved it for breakfast the next day.
A couple of days after the fast everything was normal but digestion and sleep were much improved. I also had less cravings for heavily processed acellular carbs like gluten-free breads and noodles. Now I’m pretty content munching on nuts, seeds, and dried fruit for snacks rather than day dreaming of less healthy options.
Final Recommendations
Based on my experience with both fasting and green tea fasting, I prefer green tea fasting hands down. Drinking green tea throughout the fast made it much easier and improved my digestion and balanced my microbiome to a greater degree than fasting alone would have.
Fasting to activate autophagy and to heal the digestive system are two of the most powerful ways the body can be radically healed and transformed from a state of disease and suffering to one of radiant health. Healing the gut can take time, but with the right fasting protocol like the FoodFast Method, the process can be increased tremendously. Add in supplements like green tea, elderberry, and piperine (from black pepper) and gut health can be improved even faster.
If suffering from chronic inflammation, a weak immune system, constant digestive upset, skin conditions, brain fog, or are overweight or obese, green tea fasting is the fastest way I know of to radically transform health and heal from these maladies. After having done a 38 hour green tea fast, I can confirm it was an easy enjoyable process that improved my digestion, increased my fat metabolism, and even improved my sleep.
IMPORTANT - Please only attempt a fast if you are ready, physically and mentally, to go through a period of no food consumption. If this will be dangerous to you, please do not attempt this. All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and are not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
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Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
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Improve Digestion in Three Steps
If you suffer from gastrointestinal issues, then careful attention needs to be paid to your meals and activities around meal time. With a simple three step method, you can radically improve your digestion and make progress in reclaiming your gut health.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
The old adage goes “You are what you eat”, and few times have truer statements been made. And humans have known this to be true for thousands of years. Millennia ago, Hippocrates, Greek physician and the “Father of Medicine” said:
“Let food be thy medicine, let medicine be thy food”
This statement, so simple encapsulates so much truth to it. Wellness truths like this, so simple and obvious, have continually been met with skepticism and disbelief over time. In fact, much of the food industry at large endeavors to prove these truths false through new food product iterations such as “protein” candy bars, meal replacement shakes, and more ultra processed foods created from highly processed powders and syrups.
Hippocrates is also famously quoted with the following:
“All disease begins in the gut”
If you are what you eat, and if all disease begins in the gut, then it follows that the food you eat, and how you digest it, can have a huge impact on whether you have a healthy or diseased mind, body, and soul.
Whether you follow a diet such as primal, paleo, Whole30, keto, vegan, or a combination, what’s important overall is eating a diet full of whole, unprocessed foods and learning and understanding what foods work and don’t work for your body in order to achieve optimal health. Changing your dietary mindset to be inclusive of all foods and to be mindful of what you eat, is the true path towards effortless health. Once dietary mindfulness is developed, it’ll be common sense to buy foods of the highest quality, which will further improve your health.
A lot of people know what a healthy diet should be like, some people understand, and a few have earned true dietary wisdom by acting on this knowledge. Even less so than diet, there is a lack of understand for the second part of the equation, digestion.
Just as you can choose healthy foods, there are also choices that can be made which impact your digestion, for better or worse. Luckily, sticking to a healthy diet consistently is the hardest part of this two part equation, and with just a little conscientiousness, you can guide and assist your bodies digestive system to smoothly and effectively break down and assimilate everything you’ve eaten.
In fact, you can get started in improving your digestion in three easy steps, one after the other! Make an effort to do these three tips for each meal, but even starting off, implementing these 3 easy digestion hacks for just your smallest meal of the day will have a noticeable impact on everything from your gut health & regularity to energy levels & mood. By following these three steps, you’ll reduce or eliminate painful bloating, uncomfortable gas, and more.
Eat your Meals with Chopsticks for Better Digestion
Before you ask...yes, chopsticks!
Around the world, just as many people use chopsticks daily as fork & knife users, around 2.5 billion. And in the countries where chopstick use is predominant, such as Japan, health outcomes are typically better than their western counterparts (1). This isn’t a permanent suggestion, but there is a really great lesson to be learned here.
The goal of this first digestion improving tip is to improve your mindfulness during meals. Few things will make you slow down and focus on your meal more than swapping out your typical utensils for chopsticks. If you already use chopsticks for the majority of your meals, fantastic, you’re ahead of the pack.
With chopsticks, especially for new users, you’ll eat slower, and those who eat slower are much less likely to be obese than those who eat quickly (2). Why? Well this is due to a multitude of factors. Eating slower you’ll:
End up full faster, reducing overall calories consumed.
Chew more, increasing digestive enzymes and decreasing food particle size, making digestion easier.
Be more attuned to your body and the feedback it's giving you, whether that’s positive or negative.
Reduce your stress, eating in a relaxed parasympathetic state (which improves digestion) rather than a fight-or-flight sympathetic state.
An additional plus is the foods you can easily eat with chopsticks tend to land on the healthier side of things. Have you ever seen a person eat junk food with chopsticks?
A healthier meal consumed more slowly in a less stressful state and chewed (aka predigested) more can only be considered a win. And if you have frequent gut problems such as gas, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, or worse, eating slower will only improve upon your current digestive situation.
Try eating with chopsticks for a week! You have nothing to lose. In fact, if you walk away from it all at the end unconvinced, at the very least you’ll be better at eating with chopsticks than you were when you started. With new found chopstick prowess, Chinese stir-fries, Korean BBQ, and Japanese sushi will no longer be meals out of reach, literally!
Eat your Vegetables Last for Better Digestion
First, if you’re not already eating vegetables, start now. Vegetables are full of fiber, micronutrients, and phytochemicals. The health benefits are too numerous to list here. Nine cups of vegetables and fruits daily is encouraged.
Second, eat your vegetables last.
Now if you’re not eating any vegetables at all to begin with, following the conventional wisdom of eating some vegetables at the beginning of your meal isn’t bad advice. Changing any bad dietary habits you have is most important, and eating vegetables overall is more important than timing your vegetable intake. With that said, if it makes no difference to your overall vegetable intake, there are serious benefits to eating your vegetables last.
First, you won’t eat dessert as often. Having just finished a meal followed by a salad or a head of broccoli, you probably won’t be reaching for the cookies or ice cream. You’ll already be comfortably full from the vegetable fiber!
And it’s the fiber that’s important. Considering we ate this meal slower and more mindfully, the food will be better “layered” and predigested from the start. Take the following typical meal format:
Carbs → Proteins & Fats → Micronutrients & Fiber
Note - A great example for the above would be a meal of rice, protein, and zucchini.
Carbs are quick and easy to digest, and eating them first allows your body to quickly break down and use the carbs for energy instead of fat storage. Proteins and fats follow, with protein being used for tissue repair and muscle gain, and fats being used for various cellular structures and as a steadier, longer lasting energy source. Lastly vegetables provide your body ample micronutrients and very importantly, fiber for your microbiome. Buy organic non-gmo (or biodynamic) vegetables to ensure your pesticide exposure is as minimal as possible.
The microbiome is so important when it comes to digestion and overall health (3). After your stomach empties from your last meal, you begin to enter a state of fasting. If you only highly processed foods, your microbiome will be starving for a fresh source of energy in a couples hours time. By providing your microbiome tough vegetable fiber to digest in-between meals, overtime you create an evolutionary pressure to improve microbiome diversity while preferentially selecting for the good gut bacteria (4). If you only provide your microbiome carbs and fats with no fiber, after that meal is quickly digested you’ll start to experience cravings for another meal, usually junkier than the last. As most people know but few understand, that’s a state of stomach and mind known as being “hangry”, and it’s governed by the microbiome’s ability to influence your mood via your hormone system (5). Plus, the flavonoids from the colorful vegetables and fruits like elderberry will help heal the tight junctions of the digestive system, stopping microbes from entering into the blood steam improving gut and immune health.
To quickly put an end to a cranky microbiome, fasting can be used to reset the digestive system, or for a slower approach eat your veggies last. Provide your microbiome a snack they can chew on in-between meals, in the process stabilizing your digestion and energy levels.
Your microbiome will thank you and your waistline will thank you as your wellness improves.
Go for a Walk after Eating for Better Digestion
After you’ve eaten your meal with chopsticks, reserving a heaping serving of vegetables for last, you’re ready to implement the final part of this three-step digestion hack, walking.
Walking at a leisurely pace after a meal, undoubtedly an enjoyable and healthy activity in and of itself, has also been shown to improve your digestion and overall response to food. 15 minutes of walking after a meal will lower your blood sugar more than a full hour of walking before a meal (6), and walking also increases the rate of gastric emptying (7), meaning you’ve digested your food better. In fact, walking for just 15 minutes after a meal will improve your blood glucose levels for over 24 hours (8).
Movement of the body is so important for your health and wellness, and walking is one of the easiest & lowest impact ways to incorporate movement into your daily lifestyle. Paired after a meal and it’s a great way to breathe some fresh air outdoors, get grounded, connect with your body, and maintain that parasympathetic stress-free state that your mindfully created by first eating your meal slowly with chopsticks.
There you have it, try it out for a month! Make a habit of incorporating these three digestion hacks into your daily routine and take notes as to how you feel.
Eat Fermented Foods for Better Digestion
As a fourth recommended tip, discover the secrets of kombucha. Yes, that wonderful lightly fizzy drink, kombucha is fermented tea, each batch home to a “mother”. The mother is a unique microbiome colony that created the fermentation (0.5% ABV) in the tea..
The secret to kombucha is that you drink it after a meal. Not a whole bottle, but a small amount as a refresher. A bit of kombucha throughout the day after meals is ideal. Now instead of just having eaten a meal, which can range from raw to pasteurized in microbial diversity, kombucha “seeds” each meal it is drinken with. The residual sugar in the tea provides a bolus dose of easy sugar energy for the mother and the preexisting microbiome in your digestive system to get started in breaking down the main meal. This is one of the few times having added sugar in the diet is OKAY.
If you have kombucha or other fermented foods regularly, the greeting of the fermented microbiome to your existing microbiome is a smooth meeting. Eating a varied diet full of new healthy foods and drinking/eating fermented foods is the key to a successful diet.
My favorite brand of kombucha is from GT’s Living Food. Drink a variety to always be exposed to new mothers and for fun flavors! Mystic Mango, Guava Goddess, and Cosmic Cranberry are the best.
You might be thinking, no way can these three simple steps and kombucha radically change how I digest my food, improving my mood and energy levels while also reducing the unpleasant effects of bloating and more.
Well, sometimes the simplest of things can lead to the biggest changes and results in ones life. Likewise these three digestion tips are simple in practice, and used together, powerful in their effect. “All diseases begin in the gut”, and to live life to your fullest healthiest and happiest, taking care of your gut means taking care of you.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
References:
World Health Organization, Japan Health Statistics
Hurst Y, Fukuda H. Effects of changes in eating speed on obesity in patients with diabetes: a secondary analysis of longitudinal health check-up data. BMJ Open. 2018;8(1):e019589.
Makki K, Deehan EC, Walter J, Bäckhed F. The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Gut Microbiota in Host Health and Disease. Cell Host Microbe. 2018;23(6):705-715.
Menni C, Jackson MA, Pallister T, Steves CJ, Spector TD, Valdes AM. Gut microbiome diversity and high-fibre intake are related to lower long-term weight gain. Int J Obes (Lond). 2017;41(7):1099-1105.
Smithsonian Magazine, Your Gut Bacteria May Be Controlling Your Appetite, Brian Handwerk November 24, 2015
Colberg SR, Zarrabi L, Bennington L, et al. Postprandial walking is better for lowering the glycemic effect of dinner than pre-dinner exercise in type 2 diabetic individuals. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2009;10(6):394-7.
Franke A, Harder H, Orth AK, Zitzmann S, Singer MV. Postprandial walking but not consumption of alcoholic digestifs or espresso accelerates gastric emptying in healthy volunteers. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2008;17(1):27-31.
Loretta DiPietro, Andrei Gribok, Michelle S. Stevens, Larry F. Hamm, William Rumpler. Three 15-min Bouts of Moderate Postmeal Walking Significantly Improves 24-h Glycemic Control in Older People at Risk for Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 2013 Jun; DC_130084.
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Use Fasting to Reset the Digestive System
Fasting is a powerful tool which can be used to hit the reset button on an out-of-control microbiome. Fasting also provides the digestive system a chance to rest and heal. A 48 hour fast is the quickest method possible for favorably altering the microbiome and healing the gut, and its easier done than you think.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated November 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter! Stefan Burns YouTube.
Fasting for an extended length of time can quickly heal the gut, balance the microbiome, and improve digestion, and as a result fasting can be used to help overcome many health problems such as obesity, inflammatory diseases and conditions, a malfunctioning metabolism, and poor sleep.
Abstaining from food for a significant period of time heals the lining of the digestive system, reduces stress on the immune system, and resets the microbiome by increasing symbiotic microorganism diversity while simultaneously eliminating sugar-loving and disease-causing pathogens through nutrient starvation.
Performing a 1 to 2 day fast after consuming a nutrient dense and fiber-rich meal is a powerful method of healing not only the digestive system but can be used to correct many common health and wellness ailments.
When the digestive system is functioning properly and the microbiome living within is healthy the metabolism is increased and stabilized which provides abundant consistent energy, sleep is deep and restful, bathroom visits are dependable, skin clears up, and a thin waist line becomes possible. Through it’s selective evolutionary pressures on the microbiome (one of the main production centers of neurotransmitters in the body) fasting also has the capability of improving mental health. A healthy gut produces the neurotransmitters we need for proper cognitive function at the right ratios required for optimal wellness. Fasting therefore can be used to help with depression, anxiety, and even neurodegenerative mental disorders.
In this article we discuss the following:
How to improve gut health with fasting and 48-hour fasting
What microorganisms inhabit the gut and characteristics of an unhealthy microbiome
Tissues of the digestive system
How drinking herbal teas while fasting helps
A 48-hour fast action plan
Practicing gut health mindfulness
With proper planning and the right structure, a 48-hour fast is a short enough time period to be accomplished without great stress and is a great way to experience all the amazing benefits of fasting for yourself.
If you’re completely new to fasting, I recommend you read this article and my article titled Fasting for Beginners. After reading both you’ll have a good handle on what fasting is, how it is beneficial to health, and how to perform it safely. In addition to these resources, Chapter 8 of the Holistic Gut Health Guide is entirely devoted to fasting and how it can be used to improve gut health.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Improve Gut Health with Fasting
Restoring the digestive system back to a state of normal functioning will liberate you of digestive woes everyone has experienced at some point, which include brutal stomach aches, intense bloating, waves of nausea, or even running-to-the-bathroom trips. Poor gut health places a huge energy drain not only on health but on life as a whole as it’s hard to deal with anything else when dealing with a gut flareup.
From my personal experience in healing my gut, I have found fasting to be an absolute gamechanger and the quickest way to heal an ailing digestive system. Once all the organs of the digestive system are healed and functioning normally, fasting does not need to be done as frequently.
Healing my gut was a ten year health journey that led me to research the cutting edge of metabolic and microbiome science as well as study the ancient wisdom of herbalism. Tempered with ample personal experience, I discovered that most people need to reexamine their relationship with food, not only what they eat, but when and how often they eat. The body has two metabolic operating systems which are vastly different in how they function; eating places you into an anabolic state of growth and inflammation, whereas fasting places you into a catabolic state or repair and healing. Both are useful and necessary states of the body but they must stay in balance to one another.
Changing the food you eat doesn’t matter much if fundamentally the reason why you’re experiencing any number of health problems is because the body needs to go catabolic in order to heal and repair at a cellular level. Until then, staying anabolic will only exacerbate any health issues that exist. Only by going catabolic and by spending sufficient sufficient time catabolic in the protective state of cellular cleanup and repair known as autophagy will certain health issues resolve and then a more normal eating schedule can be resumed.
Making the changes necessary to incorporate fasting into your everyday life is far less risky than doing nothing at all. Never letting anabolism and catabolism enter into unbalanced territory is the real key to staying healthy and fit over the long term, and I’ve developed a simple dietary framework known as the FoodFast Method to make living this balanced lifestyle easy. The FoodFast Method teaches you when it’s best to eat and when it’s best not to eat, and it also offers guidance on what foods are best in terms of nutrition, gut health, and the microbiome.
The 48 Hour Fast
The first reaction many people have to the suggestion of a two day fast is “You’re telling me I can’t eat for 48 hours? I won’t do that, it’s crazy!”
In western culture fasting is rarely done, and going without food for more than a few hours is uncommon. If unaccustomed to fasting, long lengths of time away from food leave most with stomach convulsions, intense hunger, and maybe a side dish of hangry.
It’s best to ease into new health modalities. whether it be fasting, keto, vegetarian, etc. Going all in often leads to going all out shortly later, so my advice is if you’re completely new to fasting, then completing 2-3 introductory 24-hour fasts is recommended over starting right off with a 48-hour fast. A 24-hour fast is logistically and psychologically much easier to complete successfully, will help reset and heal the gut noticeably, and will provide you valuable experience on how to identify and control food cravings. Now that my gut is healthy, a 24 hour fast is my favorite way of gently nudging my gut health back to balance if disrupted for some reason.
If you are ready for a full 48 hour fast, the process is simple. You don’t consume any calories from food or drinks for 48 hours. Water of course is allowed, as are natural zero calories beverages such as black coffee or tea. Using artificial sugars are a strict no-go, more on that below. I recommend only drinking pure spring water during fasts as natural electrolytes will be present without the chemical contamination that tap water has. Drinking tea is also okay during a fast and in many ways is actually beneficial. For those with inefficient metabolisms, drinking green tea while fasting is a very effective way to reduce appetite while increasing the metabolism of body fat. Green tea fasting is the most powerful form of fasting that i’ve discovered. Herbal teas are also very useful, for example dandelion and chamomile are herbs both great at normalizing digestive function and a 1:1 herbal tea blend of dandelion and chamomile is a great way to expedite the gut healing process during a fast. More on that below.
I recommend starting fasts 24 hours or longer after a 6 pm dinner. With this schedule, the first 10-14 hours will be easily accomplished with a full stomach during the evening and then during sleep. Breakfast is easy to skip if one drinks plenty of water and keeps moving, and skipping breakfast is something everyone has done before. It’s during the afternoon when the real challenge of having not eaten appears, as it’s a natural lazy point in the day. For a 24 hour or longer fast, a quick walk, 15 minute nap, or cup of green tea fixes any dip in energy experienced.
If you’re performing hard mental or physical work during a fast it will be more difficult as energy demands will be higher. In this context a fast is not recommended unless safeguards are put in place and fat metabolism is already strong and well established. Fasting is a profound healing tool, but in its own way it is a unique stressor to the body, especially if never experienced before. Respect the process and don’t overutilize your energy reserves. One thing that fasting teaches is how to balance the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Periods of time spent in both sympathetic (go go go activity) and parasympathetic (rest and digest) states are needed for optimal wellness. Fasting is a great tool to use to help deeply relax.
With a fast that starts at 6 pm if lunch is eaten at noon the next day then that marks the end of a 18-hour intermittent fast. Waiting to eat until dinner at 6 pm would be a 24 hour fast or the halfway point for a 48-hour fast. At 24 hours into a fast the body is burning body fat for energy while extracting the final nutrients available from the digestive system. The quality of the last meal eaten is very important for this reason.
After 24-hours energy levels may begin to dip. Others report experiencing a surge in energy due to their unique physiology. To be successful in fasting for a full two days, cruise control must be maintained. On day 2 the goal is to avoid the traffic jams of life, simply skipping breakfast and lunch again, relaxing when possible, and eating your first refeed meal at 6 pm for dinner. Staying grounded in the present moment is they key to successfully completing a fast and it’s all worth it in the end because you’ll feel significantly better and also because the refeed meal will be one of the best of your life.
By the end of a 48-hour fast there should very little to nothing left in your gut. No fresh food means the microbiome has to scavenge and work extra hard to survive in a low resource environment. Fasting has all these amazing health benefits partly because of the selective evolutionary pressure it applies to the microbiome. Microorganisms that depend on sugar die off while hardier microorganisms that can process more difficult nutrients like fiber survive in greater proportions. There are many ways to cleanse the microbiome, and fasting is one of the easiest and most powerful.
What Microorganisms Inhabit the Gut?
There are three types of organisms that make up the microbiome: symbiotic, commensal, and pathogenic. Pathobionts are a subsection of commensal organisms which lean pathogenic.
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Symbiotic microbes work with us, and the relationship between host (us) and microbe is beneficial to both parties. Symbiotic microbes will provide nutrients and/or energy in exchange for shelter and food. The microbes which primarily digest indigestible fiber are symbiotic, in the process releasing short chain fatty acids in the colon for our metabolic use. Symbiotic microorganisms also help by breaking down nutrients into pieces small enough to be transported into the body across the gut-blood barrier. The cellular mechanisms of the body are unable to transport and use nutrients that haven’t been broken down sufficiently, so microorganisms that assist in fully digesting food down to the smallest parts possible is advantageous to the host.
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Commensal microbes coexist with us without harming us. They’re like your friendly neighbors you never talk too. They assist in the breakdown of food but more for their benefit than yours. The issue with commensal microbes is when they start to overpopulate the small intestine, a condition known as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), which has many health complications such as gas and inconsistent gut motility. Additionally, when commensal microorganisms reach populations that are too large, they begin out-competing helpful microorganisms though the power of numbers, reducing the nutrients you uptake while further growing their population in size. If this trend isn’t stopped, commensal microorganisms can evolve into pathobionts.
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Pathobionts are commensal organism that can cause harm under certain circumstances. A good example of commensal that turn into pathobionts are those who form biofilm colonies. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are difficult to dislodge due to the protections they have been built up around them. Biofilms have a hard time forming on mucous layers, which is one reason why sufficient and consistent digestive mucous production is important, and if mucous coatings are thin then pathobionts will form biofilms directly on the surface of human epithelial cells, causing inflammation and a strong immune response. The immune system has a difficult time breaking apart biofilms as they typically lie outside the body and in the digestive system. As a defense mechanism biofilms that are disrupted release harmful chemicals. Pathobiont biofilms are hard to readily identify and treat, but are usually a contributing factor in gut health problems, especially unexpected gut health flare-ups.
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Pathogenic microbes are harmful to health. When their populations are low, their detrimental effects on health are negligible, and the immune system keeps them actively under check, but when the gut is inflamed and epithelial tight-junctions are eroded and unhealthy processed foods are the norm, then the perfect environment for pathogenic microbes is created. Pathogenic microbes aren’t content gnawing on a thread of fiber, they seek out quick energy, and under the conditions of a fast when energy is scarce, pathogenic bacteria are the first to go. This die-off reaction can cause symptoms like fatigue, headache, and stomach pain, and this is something to be aware of when performing fasts longer than 24 hours. Selecting against pathogenic microbes is highly desirable for long term health and wellness, and if a large pathogenic microorganism population exists in the gut, a die off reaction will occur during fasting which may cause symptoms. During a fast keeping the kidneys and liver stress free by limiting the chemicals or medications that are used is best (examples being alcohol, NSAIDS, or prescription drugs).
An Unhealthy Microbiome
With an unhealthy gut, beneficial microorganisms are in short supply, commensal populations are large and unruly, and pathogenic microorganisms exist unchallenged. This type of microbiome is one that preferentially craves sweets, fried foods, and excess salt, and after having its demands met produces metabolic waste products known as endotoxins that leads to symptoms of brain fog, unstable energy levels, and fat gain.
How to Restore Healthy Gut Flora
The pathogens that contribute to you feeling awful are not helpful in any way (besides bringing awareness to the problem that exists), and a primary objective in transitioning from a diseased digestive system to healthy gut is to restore the microbiome to a state of symbiotic balance. Fasting is effective at doing this as fasts longer than 24 hours eliminate microbial overgrowth and assist in the removal of biofilms as protective mucous layers are restored. A 48-hour fast will wipe out a lot of pathogenic microorganisms, and if you don’t feel them what they need afterwards then their populations will stay low. With reduced nutrients available some of the symbiotic microorganisms will not survive either (we’re talking about trillions of microorganisms dying), but with a healthy refeed meal symbiotic microorganism populations quickly rebound and will have evolved to be more resilient to future periods of resource scarcity.
After a few 24 and 48-hour fasts with healthy eating in-between the composition of the microbiome will be radically different and the digestive system will have healed tremendously. The secret with fasting is to be extremely discretionary with what enters into the body. Limiting intake to just water (and herbal teas), air, and sunshine makes for the best effect. No diet soda, no chewing gum, and limit the black coffee.
Now let’s discuss artificial sugars. Artificial sugars have an undesirable effect on your microbiome by eroding mucosal linings. Artificial sugars reach the deep recesses of the gut by eroding protective viscoelastic mucus lining, creating an energy-rich pathway for commensal and pathogenic microorganisms to get into direct contact with now unprotected epithelial cells. Once directly on these cell membranes pathobionts create their biofilm strongholds. Biofilms are resistant to probiotic and antibiotic treatments and are often the source of unexplainable reoccurring gut problems. Pathobiont biofilms are very tough to dislodge, and the double whammy of consuming artificial sugars is that they are toxic to many other microorganisms. For these reasons never consume artificial sugars, especially during a fast.
Gut Health and Microbiome Basics Video Short Course
by Stefan Burns
Cells of the Digestive System
Epithelium cells are the barrier of the digestive system that separate the contents of the gut from the bloodstream. Epithelium cells are on the front line every minute, allowing nutrients to pass through them to enter the bloodstream but blocking entry to microorganisms, nutrients too large for easy transport, or toxins.
If all things are functioning normally the epithelium regenerates completely every 5 days. Therefore, 20% of the epithelium is regenerated daily. When fasting, autophagy (cellular cleanup and repair) increases and healthy cell turnover of the intestinal epithelium quickens now that it is no longer being setback by the active digestion of food.
A two day fast is enough time for about 40% or more of the epithelium to completely regenerate in a low-inflammation environment.
The human digestive tract
When the digestive barrier and mucosal lining are fully regenerated and the tight-junctions between cells are strong, then when normal inflammation from digestive returns, the responsibilities of the immune system are decreased compared to when excess inflammation is present. With greatly reduced numbers of microorganism invaders and undigested food particles entering into the blood stream, the immune system can regenerate after a period of overactivity and stress, taking the time it needs to heal. The immune system requires certain components in sufficient amounts to function properly, and micronutrients such as zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin C are critically important for normal immune function. When under stress, the greater demands of the immune system can cause nutrient deficiencies to occur which then place stress on other areas of the body. Healing the digestive system, diversifying the microbiome, and improving diet can help remediate or even eliminate diseases of the immune system.
Fasting for Auto-Immune Diseases
For those who suffer from auto-immune issues, fasting can be a major breakthrough in recovering from their condition. The digestive system is the main patrol ground of the immune system, it’s where the most interactions between the human body and the outside world occur on the microscopic level. A cross-wired immune system that attacks itself is increasingly being found to result from a dysfunctional and diseased gut environment. Auto-immunity and the microbiome are intricately linked.
After thousands of years of gut health education from wise ancients like Greek philosopher Hippocrates, the collective consciousness is now beginning to understand the huge importance of the digestive system for overall health and wellness.
Simultaneously the importance of the microbiome is being better understood by the general public. The impact of the microbiome passed from mother to child during birth has lifelong health implications. A healthy birth from a healthy mom results in a healthy baby and future adult. If microbiome inoculation that occurs during birthing is disrupted, such as during a caesarian section, then that child is more likely to experience a range of undesirable health outcomes such as asthma, auto-immunes, troublesome weight-gain, and more. Thankfully the microbiome is simply a collection of microorganisms that is relatively easy to manipulate once you have the tools to do so. Fasting is the most powerful of those microbiome altering tools, and therefore it’s also one of the most powerful tools for people looking for relief from their auto-immune issues.
Autophagy & Apoptosis
We’ve touched on autophagy already and now we’ll go more in-depth.
Autophagy is the protective state that the body goes into when nutrients are scarce. Autophagy increases the recycling of malfunctioning cellular components, helps old cells die peacefully, and promotes the regeneration of new cells in their place. The longer a fast goes for and the scarcer nutrients become, the deeper into autophagy the body goes. 16 hour intermittent fasting boosts autophagic processes throughout the body noticeably, whereas 24-72 hour fasts increase autophagy to a much greater degree, and for an even more profound regenerative healing effect, fasting for a week or longer can work miracles. Many “incurable” diseases and severe auto-immune issues have been cured through multi-week fasts under medical supervision at fasting clinics worldwide.
Autophagy is also incredibly important in the fight against cancer. Cancer cannot be cured until the autophagic system can be deployed to destroy the cancer cells plaguing the body. In the case of cancer, fasting-induced autophagy has been shown to protect healthy cells from chemotherapy treatments while increasing the effectiveness of the chemotherapy on cancer cells.
Autophagy is clearly a very useful process that thankfully is encoded into human DNA. It has to, we wouldn’t be able to live otherwise because without rate limiters reactions in the body would spiral out of control and life simply wouldn’t be able to sustain itself.
Autophagy is difficult in its own way though. Autophagy increases as available nutrients and energy decreases. To go into autophagy means to dive into nutrient and energy scarcity. If purposefully utilizing the power of autophagy for deep cellular healing and renewal, be mindful and listen to the needs of your body. Recording how you feel and any observations you make in a health journal is highly recommended.
If you want to learn more about extended-length fasting, I highly recommend you watch an amazing documentary, The Science of Fasting.
Drink Herbal Teas while Fasting
As touched on earlier, one way to greatly increase the efficacy and safety of fasting is to drinking herbal teas throughout the fast. This can be green tea, or herbal teas like a 1:1:1 blend of dandelion root, chamomile flowers, and peppermint leaves.
Green Tea for Fasting
Green tea fasting is one of the easiest types of fasting I’ve experienced. Drinking 2-3 cups of green tea (zero additives) everyday during a fast reduces appetite and increases fat oxidation. Energy levels are more stable throughout the fast when drinking green tea, and the amino acid L-theanine found in green tea promotes a sense of calm and relaxation.
Pique Tea sells a wide selection of organic teas in their unique “tea crystal” format. Tea crystals readily dissolve in hot or cold water and are super convenient for on-the-go use.
Use the code WILDFREEORGANIC for 5% off at checkout
Mountain Rose Herbs has a wide selection of organic green teas that are perfect for use in green tea fasting. I prefer their pearl jasmine green tea for its flavor and extra flavonoids.
Steep the leaves in 170 F (75 C) water for 3-5 minutes and enjoy!
Herbal Teas for Fasting
Green tea is an excellent beverage to drink while fasting, and so are herbal teas in general. For example a dandelion root, chamomile flower, and peppermint leaf herbal tea has the following benefits for the digestive system:
Reduces inflammation of the digestive system from the stomach to the large intestine.
Exerts beneficial antimicrobial pressures on pathogenic microorganisms while promoting the growth of helpful symbiotic microorganisms.
Increases the production of digestive enzymes and restores beneficial mucous linings.
Strengthens epithelial tight junctions thanks to flavonoids like apigenin.
Restores normal gut motility (the transit of food through the system).
Boosts fat metabolism which reduces energy lulls from improper digestion or from the fasting process itself
Another herbal tea that would be very helpful to drink during a fast would be a ginger, elderberry, and ginseng tea. Endless combinations exist, and drinking a new tea in the place of breakfast, lunch, and dinner helps to keep the fasting process exciting which has clear benefits.
Mountain Rose Herbs carries a huge assortment of organic herbs perfect for those interested in adding herbal remedies to their fasting and gut health protocol. Next to fasting drinking herbal teas are the next best thing you can do to improve your gut heath. Again the introductory herbal tea I recommend is a 1:1 blend of dandelion root, chamomile flowers, and peppermint simply because its so effective.
Meal Recommendation for Breaking your Fast
Next to the action of actually completing a fast, refeeding after the fast is the second most important part of the gut healing process. The body and microbiome are longing for food so feed yourself and your microbiome only with the best. The body is uniquely poised to use the new influx of nutrients for the proliferation of new healthy cells, and the greater the quality of the the refeed meal the greater the healing effect that will be experienced overall. Make no food mistakes*!
Refeed meals also influence the composition of the microbiome that will soon rebound in population, as bacteria double in as little as twenty minutes under ideal conditions. A meal which is undesirable to pathogenic bacteria but loved by healthy symbiotic bacteria like lactobacillus and bifidobacterial is ideal. Raw and fermented foods harbor their own healthy microbiome populations and assist in the digestion of the first reintroduced meal while also diversifying the surviving microbiome.
The foods that make up a refeed meal and its size depends on the length of fast completed. A 48 hour fast for example should be broken with a high-fat content meal as it’s likely that the first stages of ketogenesis is being experienced and to eat a sugar-heavy meal would cause quick metabolic and blood glucose changes which wouldn’t be beneficial. Fiber is another beneficial nutrient to select for in refeed meals as fiber influences the microbiome beneficially and is transformed into short chain fatty-acids in the colon which benefits fat metabolism.
*Note - Pesticides are to avoided at all costs as they erode the lining of the digestive system and function similarly to antibiotics. Eat organic non-gmo foods to reduce your exposure to dangerous pesticides like glyphosate.
Post Fast Salad:
2 Cups Mixed Greens
1/2 cucumber, sliced
1 Tbsp raw pumpkin seeds
Drizzle extra virgin olive oil
Drizzle raw honey
Drink - GT’s Raw Kombucha
The meal above is great as a first refeed meal after a 24 to 48-hour fast because it is easy to prepare, completely raw, and will supercharge the regenerative effects of the fast. Having a salad shifts the microbiome favorably, and the addition of a fermented food helps to diversify it further. The body will absorb every nutrient possible from this meal. A fast is a period of low sugar intake, so only drink a quarter of the kombucha in order to limit the amount of quick sugars ingested.
When a salad and kombucha are combined as a meal, the mother (microbiome) of the kombucha begins attaching to and breaking down the raw foods of the salad right away, improving digestion as compared to if the salad was eaten only by itself. The cucumber and pumpkin seeds go great on a salad, adding nutrient and flavor variety to the meal, while both having antimicrobial and anti-parasitic benefits. Parasite infections can also be a huge source of gut health issues.
Pro Tip - Take a piperine supplement with your refeed meals to further improve the digestion of the meal. Piperine is derived from black pepper and it one of the most gut-helpful phytochemicals known, improving digestion and enhancing the bioavailability of other nutrients. Nootropics Depot sells a 10mg piperine supplement which you can take 1-3 of with a meal, or if you want to keep it 100% natural simply crack extra black pepper onto your plate.
In my introductory FoodFast Method article I have many more pre-fast and refeed meal suggestions that are worth checking out. Eating the right food after a fast is very important and don’t underestimate the important of a refeed meal in helping the gut to heal as quickly as possible. Fasting to fix gut health issues but continuing to eat poor quality foods in-between will only make limited progress. Best progress will be making in resetting the gut with fasting when equal attention is paid to both fasting and feeding.
My Personal Experience with Fasting
Ever since grade school I noticed I had an unruly digestive system which manifested in various ways, and as I entered into the world of strength-training and bodybuilding in my twenties, I increased my food intake in order to build muscle, which placed even more stress on my digestive system. I did begin improving my diet dramatically during this time, increasing my consumption of whole and unprocessed foods, but this did not provide all the relief I was hoping for.
The only way things were going to turn around was if I provided my digestive system an extended break from the stress and rigors of digestion, and once I stumbled upon fasting my gut health began to quickly take a turn for the better. Some health issues take a long time to heal, but thankfully most of the tissues of the gut turns over so quickly that once the right solution is found the digestive system can be healed quite rapidly. It took me many years to figure out what I needed to do to heal my gut simply because almost no one, from my gastroenterologist to discussion online, was examining the situation from a broad enough vantage point. That’s the still mostly the case it seems, though awareness on natural healing methods for the gut like fasting and herbal teas is increasing.
After some periods of daily intermittent fasting and a few longer 24, 48, and 72 hour fasts, I quickly learned which foods were best for my body, what foods I was intolerant to, and what foods I needed to 100% avoid. Fasting gave me control over food and sugar cravings and eventually eliminated them as I began to crave more vegetables. Healing my gut shifted my microbiome to the point where it could actually process fiber and other plant materials without creating excess gas and flatulence, a serious problem for me before.
Quickly into my discovery of fasting for gut health, I noticed a few things always happen at the end of long fasts:
First, the digestion of vegetables improves. Desperate for energy, the microbiome and digestive system is happy to work together to fully break down tougher to digest foods such as lightly cooked or raw vegetables. A 48-hour fast improves microbiome balance and diversity, and the newly evolved microbiome helps to breakdown and process fiber and other complex plant-based nutrients that before may have been difficult.
Second, fat metabolism improves noticeably. After a period of fasting, energy dips throughout the day are filled in faster by a metabolism that is able to quickly switch to fat burning, whether from short-chain fatty acids produced by microorganisms digesting starches and fiber in the colon, or from body fat stores. A 48 hour fast takes the body right to the edge of ketosis, a metabolic state where only fatty acids and amino acids are used to fuel the body in the absence of carbs, and visiting ketosis regularly, even if just for a few hours, is good for the development of a strong metabolism.
Third, the gut is very thankful for the break in digestion with every fast. When eating a regular breakfast, lunch, and dinner day 24/7, it’s easy to overwork and stress the digestive system, which leads to chronic gut inflammation. To use a quote from Yoda as inspiration:
“Chronic gut stress leads to leaky gut, leaky gut leads to IBS, IBS leads to gut disease”
Humans evolved in conditions of ever changing nutrient availability. In conditions of resource scarcity, the body most regenerate to stay alive. During autophagy, epithelial tight junctions heal rapidly, solving many of the problems of leaky gut, IBS, and SIBO. Healing intestinal tight junctions helps to reduce systemic inflammation of the body and overtime can reset food intolerances and allergies. I have experienced this myself, having fully eliminated a fructose, gluten, and dairy intolerance that my body knew I had but my brain refused to recognize for many years.
Having practiced the FoodFast Method for a few years now, I have a lot of experience with how different diets may affect a fast.
Other Fasting Lessons Learned
Before I was a vegetarian, fasting was relatively easy because meat protein takes a long time to digest, and I consumed a lot of meat protein (>2 grams per kg daily). That said, my gut health significantly improved after transitioning into a vegetarian diet because it caused me to eat way more vegetables and living foods. With a vegetarian diet, fasting can be more difficult if fat metabolism isn’t well developed, so consuming a diet abundant in healthy fats from sources such as avocado, nuts, and seeds will maintain and improve fat metabolism in-between fasts, in turn making the fasting process easier.
For most people going vegetarian will be a big benefit for gut health for more reasons than I can discuss in this article, but care must be taken to not go too high-carb and to stick away from junk food and sweets that are technically vegetarian but really shouldn’t even be characterized as food.
Ready to try a 48 hour fast? Here’s the Action Plan
Below is a step by step guide to help you safely and easily accomplish a 48-hour fast so you may experience the powerful healing effects of fasting for yourself and with the least amount of stress and complications.
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Starting before the fast begin drinking more water. Less food intake means you’ll need to drink more to intake the same amount of water, so drinking sufficient water beforehand will be prepare you to be successful and not become dehydrated. Water quality is very important, I recommend only drinking spring water, reverse osmosis water is okay too.
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After a full dinner it’s easy to put the snacking and cravings aside, so in my opinion it’s the perfect time to start a fast. Eat your last meal before the fast as an early 6pm dinner. The meal eaten before a fast should be hearty and nutrient rich with plenty of fiber, a vegetable grain bowl with avocado being an excellent option. Go to sleep around 10 pm and after a full eight hours of sleep you’ll be well rested and ready to attack the day while already being one quarter of the way into the 48-hour fast.
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Once you’ve waken up, you now have to make it to bedtime again without eating. Listen to your body, keep drinking water or herbal tea, and flow with your energy levels. About 16 hours into the fast you’ll have exhausted all quick sources of glycogen (carbohydrate) energy sources for your body and will be burning body fat in greater amounts. The food in your digestive system is also still providing a slowly dwindling stream of nutrients and energy for your body to run on, that’s why the couple of meals before a fast are so important.
If you feel sluggish and hungry while working, change what you’re doing find a different way to stimulate yourself. Going outside into nature is always highly refreshing and keeps a fast on track. Stay active but don’t overexert yourself, drink something lightly caffeinated like green tea if experiencing an energy slump, or simply take a short nap if tiredness really sets in. Don’t reach for the food unless it’s absolutely necessary! You should never feel bad about breaking a fast if you truly need too.
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Once you’re comfortably in cruise control, look at your future schedule and plan around the chaos of the everyday. Building order and structure into your routine allows you to persevere and stay on track in case of unexpected events happening.
If at any point you experience extreme dizziness, loss of vision, or other troubling signs of low blood sugar, end your fast with a small healthy snack like apple slices with almond butter. Be happy with the progress you made and prepare to try again for a longer attempt when better prepared. Every fast completed better prepares you for the next.
For safety I recommend having a small healthy meal prepared and ready at all times during a fast so the fast can be broken with a healthy meal and not with whatever is most immediately available.
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Once you’ve finished your fast of whatever duration, reintroduce food back into your system. I would not recommend eating a huge meal after a fast; start simple! Bone broth, steamed veggies, a salad, or soup are all good choices. The longer the fast the longer the food reintroduction period should be. Buy the food needed for the first couple refeed meals the day before you end the fast so you’re prepared even if you have to break the fast early. Eat the freshest food possible for the refeed meals.
To track how long I’ve been fasting, I use the app ZERO (found on iTunes and the Google Play Store). It can be used to track mood and how you feel throughout the fast, and you can keep a record of your fasts to compare to each other. Very useful!
You Successfully Completed a 48 Hour Fast!
Congratulations, you’ve finished your first 48 hour fast! I’m sure you experienced positive gut health changes from the beginning to the end of the fast.
I developed the FoodFast Method to make it easy to incorporate fasting into one’s lifestyle at the right frequency for optimal health and wellness. I wish I had discovered the FoodFast Method when I first began healing my gut and microbiome because it would have saved me years of gut health suffering, but I am grateful I experienced what I did because that is what led me to develop the method that others can now use. Now that I’ve been following the FoodFast method intuitively for a few years now, I can confidently say that it’s the single most effective way of keeping the gut healthy that I know of.
“Practicing a lifestyle centered around wellness does not have a singular end destination, but rather is an ever evolving journey. Be open to all health possibilities and trust your instincts.”
Practice Gut Health Mindfulness
During any fast or health experiment, be observant! Pay attention to everything you experience. At any given time ask yourself “How does my body feel, what emotions am I experiencing, and what is my current state of mind?” If you’re going to be your own doctor, then you need to play the role of the observant scientist.
Only with careful observation will the truth of what’s happening in your body be fully realized.
Because fasting severely restricts what enters into the body, used correctly it can be used as a diagnostic tool that by its own right is powerfully transformative.
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
IMPORTANT - Please only attempt a fast if you are ready, physically and mentally, to go through a period of no food consumption. If this will be dangerous to you, please do not attempt this.
References:
Correction to Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; published online April 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1473-3099(20)30064-5. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(7):e148.
Suez J, Korem T, Zeevi D, et al. Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota. Nature. 2014;514(7521):181-6.
Harpaz D, Yeo LP, Cecchini F, et al. Measuring Artificial Sweeteners Toxicity Using a Bioluminescent Bacterial Panel. Molecules. 2018;23(10)
De luca F, Shoenfeld Y. The microbiome in autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Immunol. 2019;195(1):74-85.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
Heal Tight Junctions of the Gut
Where the epithelial cells of the digestive system press up together, they form what are known as tight junctions. These tight junctions keep undigested food and microbes from entering the bloodstream. Compromised tight junctions lead to inflammation and a stressed immune system. Learn of 4 proven methods to heal tight junctions.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated July 2022. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Food and water are the two building blocks for the human body from which everything is made of. The digestive system is what takes food and water and turns the nutrients pulled from them into all the various cells, proteins, enzymes, and compounds that keep life going. In the process of digestion, the body decides what nutrients it wants and which it doesn’t, and it uses a variety of mechanisms to make those discriminations.
The cells that make up the outside surface of the intestines have in-between them what are known are tight junctions. Epithelial tight junctions maintain the intestinal barrier while regulating permeability of ions, nutrients, and water. The tight junctions are effectively where the cells of the intestine press up against each other, leaving no spaces for things to pass into the bloodstream without first going through the cells themselves.
Cross-section view of intestinal epithelial cells. In this depiction, tight junctions are tight and the cells are healthily pressed up against one another.
When the epithelial tight junctions of the gut are weakened and cells spread out, intestinal permeability is increased. Microbes and partially digested compounds that pass through these no-longer tight junctions can act as triggers for the development of intestinal and systemic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and Crohn’s Disease (1). A more general term for these conditions is leaky gut.
There are a few methods that have been investigated and found to be successful in healing tight junctions. Read how zinc, phytonutrients, bacteria, and dirt can help you heal your digestive system.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Heal Tight Junctions with Zinc
Zinc deficiency is known to result in epithelial barrier leak in the GI tract (2, 3), though the exact methods of which are still unknown. In order to learn about about this symptom of zinc deficiency, researchers took colon epithelium (Caco-2) cells and measured the electrical resistance of the tight junctions before and after 7 days of zinc supplementation (4).
The zinc increased the electrical resistivity of the epithelial tight junctions by 61%, a good sign of a strong healthy gut. It was found that the the zinc-induced barrier tightening held true for small electrolyte ions but not for small non-electrolytes. More research is needed here, but increased permeability for non-electrolytes after zinc supplementation is not necessarily a bad thing. For example, during active transport of glucose from the gut to the bloodstream (such as after a meal), increased permeability is observed in intestinal epithelial cells. It has also been observed that zinc supplementation strengthens the lung epithelial cell barrier (5). There is a deep interaction between the digestive system, zinc, and the immune system.
Zinc supplementation tightens intestinal cell junctions yet also aids absorption of beneficial nutrients. To supplement with Zinc, it’s best to take it with copper at a 15:1 ratio, so as to avoid a copper deficiency (6).
I personally supplement with Jarrow Formula’s Zinc Balance supplement everyday which contains 15 mg of zinc and 1 mg copper, taken with a meal to avoid nausea. If you’re look for a natural food source, oysters are the way to go! Six medium oysters provide 32 mg of zinc and are packed with other micronutrients. The recommended RDA for men is 11 mg and 8 mg for women, but daily supplementation of zinc between 10 - 40 mg is safe.
Consume Flavonoids to Heal Tight Junctions
Flavonoids such as apigenin, genistein (soy phytoestrogen), quercetin (plant pigment), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, green tea polyphenol) exert protective effects on the intestinal tight junction barrier (7). Besides these specific phytochemicals, eating a diet rich in organic fruits and vegetables is the cornerstone of a healthy diet and with consistency will transform gut health.
Genistein
Genistein was found in multiple studies to have a protective effect on the gut. Genistein ameliorate (improved upon) oxidative stress (8) that colon epithelium (Caco-2) cells were subjected too. Studies have also observed that genistein ameliorates the impairment of intestinal tight junction barrier function by inflammatory cytokines (9) and enteric bacteria (10). If you want to consume genistein for these protective gut effects, fermented soy products like natto and tempeh are the healthiest and most bioavailable.
Quercetin
Quercetin was recently investigated for it effects on intestinal tight junction health. When rats were fed a quercetin rich (1%) diet, intestinal tight junction function was enhanced through the increased assembly of important tight junction proteins (11). Quercetin is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, and grains, with red onions and kale containing appreciable amounts. Quercetin is also found in green tea.
Green Tea Catechins (EGCG)
EGCG is a polyphenol found in green tea well known for its positive anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. When human intestinal T84 cells were exposed to a stressor, tight junction function was reduced but subsequent administration of EGCG completely reversed the changes (12). Related to the next section below, supplementation of EGCG to rats improved nutrient absorption from fats and proteins, which simultaneously reducing adipose tissue (13). It was found that in rats dietary EGCG positively affects the growth of certain species of gut microbiota partly responsible for regulating energy metabolism in the body through the production of short chain fatty acids in the colon. Store bought green tea is heavily oxidized and contaminated with herbicides, and therefore is not a good source of green tea catechins.
Pique Tea sells cold brew extracted and crystallized tea crystals which have up to 12x the antioxidants of normal green tea, and they are triple screened for hazardous compounds. For the most gut-healing polyphenols, I recommend their Sun Goddess Matcha or their Matcha Green Fasting Tea. A hot cup after a meal helps soothe the digestive system, and 2-3 cups a day during a green tea fast can heal the tight junctions of the gut very quickly. Use the coupon code WILDFREEORGANIC for 5% off at checkout.
Flavenoids and other plant polyphenols such as anthocyanins (found abundantly in elderberries) can have powerful beneficial effects on the gut. The best way to make sure you consume adequate amounts of these compounds is to eat a diet rich in organic vibrantly colored fruits and vegetables.
Take Care of the Microbiome
The human body contains 10x as many microbes within the body as human cells, and the interactions between our gut microbiome and digestive system can have profound impacts on health. A healthy gut contains an entire ecosystem of commensal (helpful) bacteria which work in unison with each other and the human gut to produce a safe stable environment for the absorption of nutrients.
It’s been shown that intestinal bacteria can help beneficially regulate tight junction permeability (14). For example, the molecule indole, secreted by commensal Escherichia coli increases epithelial tight-junction resistance, attenuating indicators of inflammation in the process (15). Indole also prohibits pathogenic E. coli movement, motility, and attachment to epithelial cells. Attachment of pathogenic bacteria to epithelial tight junctions is one of the main stressors the gut can experience (16, 17), and one of the best ways to fight pathogens is to maintain a strong healthy gut full of symbiotic bacteria.
A healthy diet that prioritizes organic unprocessed foods is a great way to build a healthy gut microbiome (18), and supplementing with probiotics has also been shown to be helpful in improving the microbiome (19).
I don’t use probiotics often as I prefer fermented foods, though I have taken probiotics extensively and have a couple recommendations. Thorne makes a great leaky gut supplement, Perma-Clear, which contains key probiotic strains while also adding gut boosters like ginger and L-Glutamine. Mixing probiotics with herbs or supplements like SCRAM for parasites is a great way to favorably shift the microbiome.
Heal Tight Junctions with Prehistoric Dirt
Interesting research has been performed on the effect a supplemental lignite extract had on the tight junctions of epithelial cells. Lignite is a soft, brown, combustible, sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat which contains traces of plant structure and materials. It is believed these ancient plant materials have protective effects on the gut.
In one study (20), researchers cultured small bowel (IEC-6) and colon epithelium (Caco-2) cells, and then the lignite extract was administered to one group of each while the others were left as the controls for 12 hours. After 12 hours had elapsed, glyphosate, a herbicide more commonly known as Roundup and also a known gut disruptor (21), was applied to all groups.
The control groups showed a large degradation in cellular tight junctions from the application of glyphosate, while the lignite extract group nullified the effects of the glyphosate. Basically supplementing with a lignite extract was shown to increase epithelial tight junction strength, and when exposed to glyphosate, a known gut disruptor ubiquitous within the food supply, it nullified the harmful effects of the glyphosate.
In another study (22) with the same survey design, small bowel (IEC-6) and colon epithelium (Caco-2) cells were cultured. Half were left as a control and the other half were administered the same supplemental lignite extract. After 12 hours, researchers this time used gliadin, one of the main components of wheat gluten, to damage the tight junctions of the cells. Same as the glyphosate, the application of gliadin peptides severely damaged the tight junctions of the small bowel and colon cells, while the lignite extract nullified the effects.
After reading this lignite research, I bought a bottle of the same supplement used in the research, Restore, and supplemented with it fairly consistently for 2 months. This was back when I are much more gluten, and I noticed that supplementing with Restore helped my gut issues tremendously. Restore helps by binding to gluten, and also dangerous pesticides. You can get this same effect if you eat any food that contains microparticles of clay and silt such as salad greens, squash, beans, and lentils.
Knowing this, Restore can be kept on hand as a protective supplement for the occasionally dietary one-off. Restore your gut health.
Heal Tight Junctions, Heal the Digestive System
There is a lot of misinformation out there when it comes to healing digestive maladies. and it is very difficult to know who to trust, what to do, and how long healing your gut will take.
I have a predisposition for gut health problems. My mother had Crohns and my aunt’s side of the family has celiac disease. I’ve struggled with leaky gut, IBS, SIBO, food allergies, gluten intolerance, and fructose intolerance for years. It was a very long process guided by research, experimentation, and mindfulness before I began to see rapid health improvements and my digestive system healed. This whole process was set back by the lack of scientific data on the microbiome, a critical component of the digestive system. It had to be learned intuitively.
One of the biggest breakthroughs I made was when I discovered glyphosate and the terrible effects it has on your microbiome and epithelial tight junctions. Once I made a serious effort to reduce my glyphosate exposure, by not eating foods laden with glyphosate (wheat and non-organic GMO produce) my gut health improved remarkably, and afterwards switching to a flexitarian diet healed my gut completely. When the gut is healthy, the rest of the body is healthy, and I have seen numerous other health improvements from healing my gut, starting with my hormonal system.
Take it from me, one of the most important things you can do to heal your gut is to heal your epithelial tight junctions. The easiest way to accomplish that goal into your routine is with a regular cup of green tea. Each cup of polyphenols will scavenge for undesirables and help your body to process the toxins out. Matcha Green Tea is one of the most effective gut healers known, just mind the caffeine.
If you read all the way here then it’s clear to me that you’re ready to do what it takes to finally restore your digestive system and gut microbiome back to healthy and optimal function.
I wrote the Holistic Gut Health Guide to help you accomplish exactly this! It contains all the information that you need to understand the gastrointestinal system, gut-brain axis, and microbiome in-depth, and the Holistic Gut Health Guide also educates you on the natural methods you can holistically use together like fasting and herbalism to transform your health from the inside out.
I’m so excited to be able to help you along your gut health and overall wellness journey with the Holistic Gut Health Guide! Please contact me with any questions you have and wishing you the best.
Medical Disclaimer: All information, content, and material of this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified physician or healthcare provider.
Disclosure: Wild Free Organic is a member of various affiliate programs and if a purchase is made through one of our affiliate links a small commission is received. This does not affect your purchase price. Visit our disclosure page for more information.
References
Lee SH. Intestinal permeability regulation by tight junction: implication on inflammatory bowel diseases. Intest Res. 2015;13(1):11-8.
Bao S, Knoell DL. Zinc modulates cytokine-induced lung epithelial cell barrier permeability. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2006;291(6):L1132-41.
Finamore A, Massimi M, Conti devirgiliis L, Mengheri E. Zinc deficiency induces membrane barrier damage and increases neutrophil transmigration in Caco-2 cells. J Nutr. 2008;138(9):1664-70.
Wang X, Valenzano MC, Mercado JM, Zurbach EP, Mullin JM. Zinc supplementation modifies tight junctions and alters barrier function of CACO-2 human intestinal epithelial layers. Dig Dis Sci. 2013;58(1):77-87.
Bao S, Knoell DL. Zinc modulates cytokine-induced lung epithelial cell barrier permeability. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2006;291(6):L1132-41.
Hoffman HN, Phyliky RL, Fleming CR. Zinc-induced copper deficiency. Gastroenterology. 1988;94(2):508-12.
Suzuki T, Hara H. Role of flavonoids in intestinal tight junction regulation. J Nutr Biochem. 2011;22(5):401-8.
Rao RK, Basuroy S, Rao VU, Karnaky KJ, Gupta A. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dissociation of occludin-ZO-1 and E-cadherin-beta-catenin complexes from the cytoskeleton by oxidative stress. Biochem J. 2002;368(Pt 2):471-81.
Wells CL, Jechorek RP, Kinneberg KM, Debol SM, Erlandsen SL. The isoflavone genistein inhibits internalization of enteric bacteria by cultured Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes. J Nutr. 1999;129(3):634-40.
Schmitz H, Fromm M, Bentzel CJ, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) regulates the epithelial barrier in the human intestinal cell line HT-29/B6. J Cell Sci. 1999;112 ( Pt 1):137-46.
Suzuki T, Hara H. Quercetin enhances intestinal barrier function through the assembly of zonula [corrected] occludens-2, occludin, and claudin-1 and the expression of claudin-4 in Caco-2 cells. J Nutr. 2009;139(5):965-74.
Watson JL, Ansari S, Cameron H, Wang A, Akhtar M, Mckay DM. Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate blocks epithelial barrier dysfunction provoked by IFN-gamma but not by IL-4. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004;287(5):G954-61.
Unno T, Sakuma M, Mitsuhashi S. Effect of dietary supplementation of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on gut microbiota and biomarkers of colonic fermentation in rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 2014;60(3):213-9.
Ulluwishewa D, Anderson RC, Mcnabb WC, Moughan PJ, Wells JM, Roy NC. Regulation of tight junction permeability by intestinal bacteria and dietary components. J Nutr. 2011;141(5):769-76.
Bansal T, Alaniz RC, Wood TK, Jayaraman A. The bacterial signal indole increases epithelial-cell tight-junction resistance and attenuates indicators of inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(1):228-33.
Guttman JA, Samji FN, Li Y, Vogl AW, Finlay BB. Evidence that tight junctions are disrupted due to intimate bacterial contact and not inflammation during attaching and effacing pathogen infection in vivo. Infect Immun. 2006;74(11):6075-84.
Eichner M, Protze J, Piontek A, Krause G, Piontek J. Targeting and alteration of tight junctions by bacteria and their virulence factors such as Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. Pflugers Arch. 2017;469(1):77-90.
De filippo C, Cavalieri D, Di paola M, et al. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(33):14691-6.
Hemarajata P, Versalovic J. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2013;6(1):39-51.
Gildea JJ, Roberts DA, Bush Z. Protective Effects of Lignite Extract Supplement on Intestinal Barrier Function in Glyphosate-Mediated Tight Junction Injury. J Clin Nutr Diet. 2017, 3:1.
Samsel A, Seneff S. Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases II: Celiac sprue and gluten intolerance. Interdiscip Toxicol. 2013;6(4):159-84.
Gildea JJ, Roberts DA, Bush Z (2016) Protection against Gluten-mediated Tight Junction Injury with a Novel Lignite Extract Supplement. J Nutr Food Sci 6: 547.
Control Food Cravings with Fasting
Fasting, that is, not eating, can be used to understand the difference between psychological food cravings and actual hunger. Fasting brings conscious awareness to eating habits, and a 24 hour fast can be used as a tool to understand and address a root cause of modern unhealthy life styles; food cravings.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated December 2021. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Fasting, that is, not consuming calories, is becoming increasingly popular, and for good reason. The incredible benefits of fasting are numerous, from extending lifespan (1) to curing diseases (2), and fasting is certainly a wellness tool everyone should learn to use properly in their quest for optimal health. Fasting has such powerful effects upon the body because it removes a key component to life, food. Basically the larger the lever you pull (water, sleep, food, sunlight, air quality, etc), the larger the potential effect, positive or negative.
When an organism starts to fast, cellular autophagy ramps up (3) and metabolism increases (4), and a whole host of other important bodily systems are adjusted in ways that boost longevity and promote health. Because fasting is free and requires little more than perseverance, water, and electrolytes (for extended multi-day fasts), it has a low barrier of entry for anyone to try, no matter how inexperienced. While extended multi-day fasting can be a powerful weight loss tool, a better approach for those new to fasting is to first start small with a 24 hour fast, and potentially experiment with longer fasts from their after consulting with their doctor.
Fasting for the sole purpose of losing weight can be incredibly successful, but with that success a misguided behavior may establish itself that the best way to maintain weight is to not eat. The best way to maintain a lean and healthy body is to be mindful of metabolism, not just choosing not to eat for 3 days every week. To be clear, fasting is a powerful tool and is best not used irresponsibly.
Hunger vs Cravings
During a 24 hour fast body fat is burned and the digestive system is partially healed and reset. For a first timer though, what is learned about the interaction between eating, psychology, and behavior is even more valuable. Fasting is a fantastic way to learn how to differentiate between two types of hunger everyone has experienced: Physiological hunger and psychological hunger (also known as cravings). A good example demonstrating the difference can be summarized with the following hypothetical conversation:
Rebecca - “Oh my god I’m so hungry! Hey Dave what should we have for dinner?”
Dave - “I’m ravenous too! How about we grab some burgers?”
Rebecca - “I’m not feeling burgers, does Mexican food work (cravings)?”
Dave - “Yeah sure I’ll eat anything (hunger)!”
Dave was experiencing physiological hunger. His body required calories, and anything would suffice. Rebecca on the other hand wasn’t physiologically hungry. If Rebecca was more aware of the difference between hunger and cravings in this instance, she might have decided to not eat again until she was actually hungry, therefore consuming less calories and likely maintaining a healthier body weight.
A 24 hour fast is a great way to learn the difference between cravings and hunger. Over the course of that 24 hours, the average person will usually experience food cravings a couple times because they are used to eating every day consistently. By remaining strict and continuing with the fast, it’s discovered that 10-30 minutes after the food craving first started that it subsides or disappears. Focus the mind on something else and completing a 24 hour fast is easy.
A 24 hour fast will also teach how the body becomes adapted to receiving food at regular intervals. Eat breakfast everyday at 7 am? Guaranteed your stomach starts growling everyday at 7 am or shortly afterwards. That signal isn’t necessarily a sign that you’re hungry, it’s just your stomach contracting via muscle memory as it’s used to processing food around that time. Muscle memory and psychological behaviors are often intertwined, and it’s easy to confuse a normal biologic process with a conjured up signal of “I’m super hungry right now”.
Fasting Resets the Microbiome
Schedule a 24 hour fast on a day where there will be little if any food temptations, and once a few 24 hour fasts have been successfully completed in that manner, do a 24+ hour fast on any random day where temptations of junk food may arise. Armed with the knowledge that you’ve already successfully completed a 24 hour fast, when food cravings are encountered because someone brought cake or donuts, you’ll be well equipped to handle the situation in order to successfully complete the 24 hour fast. If you slip up, simply refocus your willpower and try again! Once you’ve broke your fast with a healthy meal, follow these 3 digestion improving steps.
The 24 hour fast is a great tool to intuitively learn the difference between cravings and hunger, but it won’t make much of a dent on serious digestive health issues. A diseased gut is an inflammation machine, placing your body into a state of chronic inflammation which can result hundreds of known health issues which manifest in other parts of your body like the brain, skin, or other organs. Additionally, a weak gut leads to a weak immune system, as the gut is the bodies primary barrier which keeps pathogenic microbes out. Fasting can heal the digestive system and restore balance to the microbiome.
Together the digestive system and microbiome are the foundation of health from which everything else is dependent on.
The Holistic Gut Health Guide contains all the information you need to identify and understand the gastrointestinal and microbiome problems you may have while also providing you the most effective natural methods you can use to heal your gut. No gut health problems are unsolvable, give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
Some of the information in the Holistic Gut Health Guide isn’t common knowledge but when implemented it is highly effective in healing the gut and shifting the microbiome towards symbiosis. Give yourself every possible advantage along your gut health journey by reading an implementing the advice shared in the Holistic Gut Health Guide.
References
De cabo R, Carmona-gutierrez D, Bernier M, Hall MN, Madeo F. The search for antiaging interventions: from elixirs to fasting regimens. Cell. 2014;157(7):1515-26.
Documentary. The Science of Fasting. Directed by Sylvie Gilman and Thierry de Lestrade.
Jung CH, Ro SH, Cao J, Otto NM, Kim DH. mTOR regulation of autophagy. FEBS Lett. 2010;584(7):1287-95.
Knapik JJ, Meredith CN, Jones BH, Suek L, Young VR, Evans WJ. Influence of fasting on carbohydrate and fat metabolism during rest and exercise in men. J Appl Physiol. 1988;64(5):1923-9.
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Break Sugar Addiction by Avoid Added Sugars
Look at the ingredients label for most foods and you'll see that sugar was added. Sugar is cheap to produce and has addictive properties, therefore processed food manufacturers love adding it as it helps their bottom line and keep customers coming back. Healing a sugar addiction by avoiding added sugars is one of the first steps to reclaiming your health.
Article by Stefan Burns - Updated December 2021. Join the Wild Free Organic email newsletter!
Being healthy and free from sickness, pain, and disease is as simple as consistently following and adhering to a collection of small healthy habits. Depending on your current state of health, becoming well can seem impossibly daunting, for one, where do you start? If you keep a lifestyle unchanged, but add one healthy habit, then wellness has been improved. To create a healthy habit, you must first be hyper-conscious of your actions until they become second nature, becoming a habit you do unconsciously. The hard part of being healthy isn’t following wellness habits, but rather forming the habits one at a time, and performing them long enough that they become second nature.
One of the most impactful wellness habits you develop is to kick a sugar addiction (1). Like other addictive chemicals, sugar is toxic (2), creates widespread inflammation in the body (3) when consumed in excess, shifts the microbiome to a less diversified pathogenic state (4), and desensitizes dopamine receptors (5). The average American consumes 10 times more sugar than 100 years ago; in 2017 this totaled 90.7 grams of added-sugar everyday (6).
For reference, Canada clocked in about 1/3 lower than the USA in 2017 at 58.5 grams per day (7), and the average per-capita added-sugar consumption for rural China in 2017 was only 3.75 grams. In India, Israel, and Russia, people on average consume 5.1, 14.5, and 20 grams of additional sugar per day respectively (8).
For most countries in the world, the processed food industry is driving the ever increasing consumption of sugar, and the health complications are piling up. Over-consumption of sugars together with other factors contributes to the current obesity epidemic
A healthy habit to form which would transform your life would be to kick a sugar addiction. Some sugar in a diet from natural foods and sugars is fine, but a strong effort should be made to avoid heavily processed added-sugars if true health and wellness is the goal.
Symptoms and Complications of Sugar Addiction
Sugar addiction has many of the same symptoms of other common addictions like tobacco or opioids. When sugars are consumed, natural endogenous opioids get released. Outside the context of a healthy balanced diet, substantial parallels between sugar and drugs of abuse can be observed in behavior and brain neurochemistry.
Animal studies have shown sugar to be addictive than cocaine (9). You might be a sugar addict if you display any of the following behaviors:
Free yourself from the toxic behavioral influences of sugar
You make excuses to consume more sugar.
You make special trips to buy more sugar laden products
You drink sugar sweetened beverages.
You eat sugar dominant foods to breakfast.
You reward yourself with a sweet for motivation or as a reward.
You have a secret stash that you binge from when alone.
You previously tried to stop eating sugar, and couldn’t.
Beyond these behavioral patterns, there are two types of symptoms when it comes to sugar addiction. There are symptoms present when actively feeding the sugar cycle, and there are the symptoms of sugar withdrawal.
Symptoms of Sugar Addiction
Persistent brain fog
Volatile swings in energy
Intense cravings disguised as hunger
Mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, ADHD
Persistent fatigue
Racing thoughts
Strong sexual urges
Regular foods like fruit and vegetables taste bland and dull
Vehement denial of a sugar addition when questioned
Being overweight or obese
Symptoms of Sugar Withdrawal
Intense cravings
Depression
Fatigue
Anxiety
Nausea
Irritability
Altered sleep patterns
Cognitive issues, brain fog
Low blood sugar, dizziness
Other symptoms associated with drug withdrawal
These symptoms themselves can cause serious complications towards everyday life, but there are more insidious long term health complications from being addicted to sugar.
When naturally occurring sugars are paired with a healthy dose of fiber, like with fruit and vegetables, overall the known negative health effects of sugar appear to be negligible. The issue with sugar is when it is consumed without fiber. When sugar is consumed in excess and without fiber, inflammation in the body rises dramatically. Inflammation is not the root cause of disease, but it is a complicating factor in 100+ diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer, mental health disease, and more. More sugar also means more cavities, so oral health and hygiene is also affected (10).
Chronic levels of inflammation keep the body in a state of fight-or-flight, with the now dominant sympathetic nervous system being out of balance with the rest-and-relax parasympathetic nervous system. This over activity places stress on all the major systems of the body such as the immune system, liver, digestive system, circulatory system, and more.
Besides being predisposed to 100’s of different chronic health ailments, chronic inflammation increases body fat storage and can lead to obesity. Obesity itself is another complicating health factor, and now what was one health issue became two.
We are what we eat, and sugar is toxic. We know excess sugar consumption leads to inflammation, obesity, and disease, but what is the step that sits in-between sugar consumption and chronic inflammation?
Sugar and the Digestive System
After sugar is consumed, before it can supply energy to the body through the mechanisms of insulin transport, it needs to be digested. Different sugars have different chemical structures and therefore different rates of digestion and absorption. Sugar is a general term used for sweet-tasting soluble carbohydrates. There are simple sugars which composed of a single sugar molecule, or compound sugars, where two sugar compounds are connected together. Whether sugars are consumed as simplex, compound, or as a starch (a chain of many sugar compounds), the digestive system will break apart and hydrolyze carbohydrates into simple sugars for transport into the blood stream. Let’s examine the most commonly consumed simple sugars:
Monosaccharides
Fructose - Fruit Sugar
Glucose - The basic form of sugar used by the body
Galactose - Present in milk
Disaccharides
Sucrose - One fructose and Glucose sugar combined
Lactose - One glucose and galactose sugar combined
Maltose - Two glucose molecules combined
There are also alcohol sugars, polysaccharides (which are larger chains of sugars), artificial sugars, and many more. The chemistry of sugars is complex, but what is clear is that excess sugar consumption is dangerous, and it all starts with the gut.
The microbiome is the collection of symbiotic (helpful), commensal (indifferent), and pathogenic (bad) microorganisms that inhabit your gut. Your gut is technically “outside” of your body, and it contains 10x more organisms than cells in your body, over 100 trillion! When the microbiome is well diversified and balanced (containing primarily symbiotic organisms) food will digest best and qualitative health markers are improved across the board.
The villi connect the digestive, immune, and circulatory systems.
We know the body only transports simple sugars into the circulatory system by passive and active transport through the cell membranes of the finger-like villi structures of the gut. Fats, proteins, and carbs which are still too large for transport need to be broken down. This is where the microbiome plays a critical role in digestion. The chemical and mechanical processes of the digestive system help break down food into smaller pieces, and the microbiome performs the finishing touches breaking apart food into sufficiently small compounds.
When excess simple sugars are consumed, it becomes much easier for the microbiome to access the energy of the sugar first for their own survival needs rather than needing to break chemical bonds first. Over time, this can shift the balance of the microbiome, creating sugar craving microbes with a mind of their own. In order to keep their over-sized populations stable, an unbalanced microbiome will directly interact with the body and brain through the release of chemicals and neurotransmitters. The gut is the second brain of the body, and for many people it’s not under their control. This will manifest as the affectionately known “sweet tooth”.
With an unbalanced microbiome, issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or more serious complications like small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), irritable bowel disease (IBD), and Crohn’s disease can arise. Considering the gut is the boundary between the barbarian (microbes) and gate keepers (epithelial cells), the immune system is most active at the gut. A compromised digestive system with failing tight junctions which lets microbes and undigested molecules slip into the bloodstream is the source of inflammation that sugar causes. Sugar without fiber or not existing in long polysaccharide chains is too easily accessed and used by the microbiome, shifting the balance towards pathogenic microbes. It is this easy access to cheap resources with no nutritional value beyond calories that compromises the integrity of the entire digestive system, leading to chronic inflammation, and therefore obesity and disease.
And there are other complicating factors. Where did the sugar come from? Depending on the plant a sugar ultimately derives from is very important. Modern agricultural practices use heavy amounts of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides which contaminant everything they are sprayed on. These compounds have can take decades to break down. A GMO cane sugar will be genetically modified to survive when exposed to greater amounts of dangerous herbicides like glyphosate. Glyphosate is an effective herbicide because it interferes with the The shikimate pathway, an ancient seven-step metabolic pathway used by bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, some protozoans, and plants for the biosynthesis of folates and some amino acids.
While the shikimate is not found innately in humans, it is found and utilized for the survival of our microbiome. Unless sugar is label organic, and even that can have its flaws, it is mostly likely contaminated with glyphosate and other compounds which interfere with the shikimate pathway and other similar metabolic processes. Consumption of this sugar will disrupt the growth of symbiotic microorganisms which might be content munching on fiber all day, and simultaneously fuel the growth of short-lived commensal and pathogenic microbes. Natural sources of sugar like honey are best because they are free or much less contaminated by these dangerous herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
When the food source is taken away from these overgrown and unbalanced microbiomes, microbes will release chemicals and neurotransmitters in an effort to acquire more resources (aka you need to eat some sugar NOW) while simultaneously having their population die-off in the wait for more resources. This die-off reaction can release built-up toxic compounds, stressing your gut and liver while you simultaneously experience volatile swings in energy as you’ve become insulin resistant and blood sugar levels have dropped dangerously low.
It’s a terrible health predicament that can be frightening to experience, but feeding the microbiome with more sugar will only make breaking the addiction harder or inevitably lead to the genesis of a deadly disease down the line.
Does your microbiome work for you, or against you?
There is no one living without a microbiome, a healthy microbiome is a critical component to living a healthy disease-free life. If conscious awareness isn’t given to the microbiome through a healthy, organic, unprocessed diet, the microbiome will make itself known to you, either physically, chemically, or behaviorally, demanding nutrients. Understanding the 100 trillion microorganisms that make up your microbiome is the the key to unlocking your health, and the first step towards breaking a sugar addiction.
Now that we’ve laid everything out, lets formulate a strategy that best increases your chances to kick sugar while also reducing the negative health effects that will be experienced during the healing process.
How to Kick a Sugar Addiction
To kick a sugar addition, you need to be aware of what drives a sugar addicition, and how you can break the cycle. Below is a simplified version of the vicious cycle that can form when consuming excess sugar. To break an addition, there isn’t any one strategy that will work, you must first have the innate desire to be free of addiction, have the willpower and discipline to see it through, devote time, and have strategies developed for each step of the cycle. Relapse can occur at any of the stages, so preparation is required for each stage.
In preparation for the following sugar reset, your environment must be made to be conductive to change. Follow the steps below first:
Eliminate all sugar from the household. This means throwing out all sweets, treats, desserts, sources of simple carbohydrates, etc.
Make a list of your favorite sugar pit stops (convenience markets, coffee shops) and blacklist them, vowing to not visit them again.
Practice saying no. Other people might offer you sugar-rich or other unhealthy foods during this reset, rehearse your line and practice saying no in order to avoid temptation, such as: “No thank you John, I am currently working to break my addiction to sugar”. The more truthful and to the point your words are, the less others will try to convince you that taking a bite or having one small treat isn’t a big deal.
Identify your trigger foods. Tracking your diet, mood, and energy in a journal for a week before starting the reset will help you identify your trigger foods that must be completely avoided during the reset.
Develop a plan for how you will drink 1 gallon of filtered water a day. Tap water containing fluoride kills microbes, so for the microbiome to survive more sugar is required, and they will release neurotransmitters for this. Filtered or spring water is pure and free of chemicals.
Once the steps above have been taking, find a 7 day chuck of time in your schedule which is expected to be lower stress. Breaking a sugar addiction takes longer than seven days, but the first week accomplished 80% of the work. Stress triggers sugar cravings, so to increase the chance of success this should be scheduled around a time period of low stress.
The fastest and most painless way to get the ball rolling is to start this week long period with a 24 hour fast, that is no eating from dinner on day to dinner the next. Unless you’re in a state of serious health complications, a 24 hour is safe and achievable by anyone to do. A 48 hour fast is even better as it takes you right to the edge of ketosis (fat only metabolism), but this can be trickier for those really dependent on sugar for their energy levels.
Fasting simultaneously does the following:
Improves blood sugar levels
Sensitizes insulin
Kills off an overactive microbiome
Reduces inflammation
Heals the digestive system
Burns body fat
Fasting promotes health in the exact opposite ways sugar addiction promotes disease. Fasting is a powerful wellness methodology. Fasting also removes many of the questions “like what should I eat instead” and removes analysis paralysis; there are only two objects, don’t eat and drink water! If you carry significant levels of body fat, an every other day strategy for fasting has been shown to be highly effective in breaking the sugar cycle, improving microbiome diversity, and lowering body fat.
An every other day 24 hour fasting schedule would look like this:
Day 1 fasting, drinking only water (1 gallon recommended)
Day 2 refeed with organic fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, minimally processed grains, animal protein
Day 3 fasting
Day 4 refeed
Repeat
If you do this, expect body fat to melt off as it is used to cover your energy needs throughout the week. Blood sugar, lipid, and insulin markers will improve, energy levels will stabilize, mood will brighten, and sleep will improve. Fasting is the “rip the band-aid” off approach. It’s the most effective and ultimately causes less pain and suffering in the long run, but can be nerve racking to start.
If you think you’ll be more comfortable with a gradual approach, then the first step is to cut out the main offenders. This means cutting out sugar and all sweetened beverages, desserts like cookies and ice cream, and bread products, anything that contains almost exclusively sugar.
Even if you just stop drinking soda, that has a huge impact over time! According to the CDC, 5 out of 10 adults and 6 out of 10 youth drink a sugar sweetened beverage at least once a day. This equates to on average an extra 145 calories for both adults and youth consumed everyday, with one 12 oz soda containing 39 grams of sugar, double than the upper limit we recommend of 20 grams.
If you’re overweight and carry an unhealthy amount of body fat, then either replacing 1 soda a day with water over the course of a month reduce your caloric consumption by 4200 calories, or 1.2 lbs of fat. Over the course of a year of no soda, that equals 14.4 lbs of fat gone.
Once the main sugar offenders have been removed from your diet, you’ll want to replace them when the cravings hit with healthy fats and fiber rich foods.
Foods Containing Healthy Fats
Avocado
Nuts - walnuts, almonds, cashews, pecans,
pistachios
Seeds - pumpkin, sunflower, chia, flax, etc
Animal Fats (grass-fed) - butter, ghee, cream, cheese
Eggs (pasture raised) - chicken, quail
Cacao (fair trade) - Dark Chocolate 70% +
Oils (cold pressed) - olive oil, coconut oil, red palm oil, avocado oil
Foods the contain both healthy fats and fiber:
avocado, nuts, seeds, olives, coconut, and cacao
Foods Containing Fiber
Squash - butternut, winter, zucchini
Seeds - pumpkin, sunflower, chia, flax, cacao
Nuts - almonds, cashews, walnuts, pecans, pistachios
Legumes - beans, lentils, peas, chickpeas, peanuts
Fruits - such as avocado, pear, jackfruit, berries, mango, banana, papaya, coconut, guava, kiwi, etc
Vegetables - carrots, eggplant, jalepeno, tomato, artichoke, cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli, sweet potato, radish, etc
Dark Leafy Greens - spinach, lettuce, swiss chard, mustard, etc
Grains - quinoa, popcorn, oats, black/brown/red rice,
As you can see, there are plenty of delicious foods which contain fiber and fats, excellent additions to any diet. All of the foods above are also micronutrient dense, and a sugar based diet is lacking in critical vitamins and minerals, the deficit of which can have massive health implications.
Homemade Raw Trail Mix
1/4 cup Almonds
1/2 cup Cashews
1/4 cup Walnuts
1/4 cup Pecans
1/2 cup Pumpkin Seeds
1/2 cup 70% Mini Dark Chocolate Chips
In your purse, bag, or on your person, keep a bag of raw trail mix with you. When a sugar craving hits, unless you’re in the middle of a fast, a few handfuls of trail mix is a nice healthy treat that will keep you satiated and content. Right now do not be concerned about calories.
Make sure to buy nuts and seeds which are raw. Raw foods are those that aren’t heated for pasteurization, and eating raw foods helps diversify your microbiome. Raw foods also contain higher levels of vitamins and minerals since the heat didn’t break them down.
Building your Fat Metabolism
A sugar dependent diet is skewed heavily towards carbohydrate metabolism for energy. Carbohydrate metabolism isn’t necessarily bad in and of itself, but often the carbohydrate metabolic cycle will be overdeveloped and out of balance with fat metabolism. The metabolism of fat for energy, either from food or body fat, provides longer lasting and more sustainable energy levels. Having a well-functioning fat metabolism fills in energy dips that are experienced when eating carbs. By stabilizing your energy levels, fats will help keep you calm and emotionally stable, reducing your chance of giving into temptation and reaching for that sugary treat when your sugar starved microbiome and low blood sugar levels are saying you need it most.
Fatty acid metabolism can be improved by eating a diet higher in fats for an extended period of time, or more quickly through a ketogenic diet. A ketogenic diet is a very low carb diet where the body has to produce ketones for use by the brain. The brain exclusively runs on simple sugars or ketones for energy. Since a ketogenic diet is <5% carbs and 70% of greater fat macronutrient wise, it will very quickly improve your ability to metabolize fatty acids. Be aware that you might initially experience what is known as keto flu. Keto flu is a set of flu like symptoms that people first transistioning to a ketogenic diet might experience. The same smptoms can be expereinced during longer duration fasts too as the body as enters ketosis 36-48 hours after fasting has begun.
The digestive system is the seat of power for the immune system, and there is a removal of sugar & nutrients, a die off reaction will occur and many diseased microbes will die. Now these microbes are diseased waste that need to be expelled by the body, causing immune symptoms until this occurs. If tight junctions of the intestines are compromised, then some of these dead microbes will filter into the blood stream and cause an immune response, hence flu-like symptoms can be experienced. If you wish to avoid these flu-like symptoms during the start of fasting or ketogenic diet, then it is important that the tight junctions of the body are healed and have no gaps that undigested food or microbes can exploit to enter into the blood stream. It’s also been shown that glyphosate damages tight junctions, so be mindful of that information. I wrote a guide on how to heal tight junctions naturally with four methods. Luckily the digestive system regenerates very quickly, so even just following those recommended steps for one or two weeks before kicking your sugar addiciton will greatly reduce your risk of experiencing flu-like symptoms when resetting your microbiome and metabolic systems.
Quit Sugar Quick Start Guide
Putting everything discussed into practice, below is a quick start guide with actionable steps you can follow to kick your sugar addiction, balance your microbiome, heal your digestive system, and build your fat metabolism.
Week 1 - Keep a food and mood journey for 1 week. This will help you identify your trigger foods which need to be blacklisted
Clean your Environment - Remove all junk food, sugar, and treats from your home, work, and car.
Practice Saying No - Be honest, and formulate a game plan for your first 7-14 days sugar free.
Prepare - Stock up and buy the healthy organic foods you require to be healthy and successful with this important health endeavor. Figure out your plan on how to drink 1 gallon of water daily (24 oz wakeup, 84 oz day, 24 oz bedtime)
Week 2 - Commit to one of the two dietary strategies listed above. Either do a 24 hour fast every other day, or keep a baggie of raw trail mix with you at all times for those moments when cravings strike.
Week 3 - The hardest part is over, continue with your wellness schedule. If fasting, you can ease up from the every other schedule and do two 24 hour fast every week instead. Keep eating whole unprocessed organic foods!
Week 4 and Beyond - It takes four weeks to create a habit, congratulations! Kicking a sugar addiction is a major accomplishment and over time your body will heal from the damage created by the consumption of added sugars. Now is not the time to relapse, stay disciplined!
If you’ve made it 30 days without added sugars, congratulations! At this point you might be tempted to experiment with “moderation” and have a bite of your favorite treat again, do not do this! Physiological addictions can be broken in a few weeks, but psychological addictions can take months or years to erase. The mind is a powerful thing, and overtime you’ll discover your old definition of moderation was not in fact moderation. By this point your taste buds will have changed, and sugary treats you once found delicious might now be revolting. Trust your instincts and give yourself the time needed to heal from that traumatic period of your life. Ask yourself, what was feeding my sugar addiction? Examine your emotions and look inwards. Food is often the cover for emotional turmoil, and true healing won’t occur until emotional healing can take place.
References
Dinicolantonio JJ, O'keefe JH, Wilson WL. Sugar addiction: is it real? A narrative review. Br J Sports Med. 2018;52(14):910-913.
Lustig RH, Mulligan K, Noworolski SM, et al. Isocaloric fructose restriction and metabolic improvement in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016;24(2):453-60.
Aeberli I, Gerber PA, Hochuli M, et al. Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and promotes inflammation in healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94(2):479-85.
Di rienzi SC, Britton RA. Adaptation of the Gut Microbiota to Modern Dietary Sugars and Sweeteners. Adv Nutr. 2020;11(3):616-629.
Gene-Jack Wang, Et al. High sugar intake linked to low dopamine release in insulin resistant patients. Stony Brook University
Sugar and Sweeteners Yearbook Tables. USDA.
Consumption of Sugars in Canada. Canadian Sugar Institute.
Roberto A. Ferdman. Where people around the world eat the most sugar and fat. The Washinton Post
Shah SGS. A Commentary on "Ensuring safe surgical care across resource settings via surgical outcomes data & quality improvement initiatives" (Int J Surg 2019 Aug 5. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.07.036). Int J Surg. 2019;72:14-15.
Moynihan PJ, Kelly SA. Effect on caries of restricting sugars intake: systematic review to inform WHO guidelines. J Dent Res. 2014;93(1):8-18.
Elderberry is a fruit well-known for its antiviral properties, helping to fight viral infections preventatively, at the early stages, and during the late cycle of infection. Elderberry has many other health benefits too thanks to its flavonoids and anthocyanins, and it's easy to prepare into a juice, syrup, extract, or tea as you'll learn with this article.